Molecular Basis of Inheritance (2022) - Quiz 10

Go through the following statements and choose correct option.

• Both strands of DNA double helix are held together by phosphodiester bond.

• Energy for activation of amino acid during translation comes from GTP.

• A failure of cell division after DNA replication leads to polyploidy (Chromosomal anomaly)

The largest molecule in our bodies are

• Chromosome

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

• Amino acid

Select the all three false statements out of following 5 statements.

###A. Both replication and transcription use DNA as template.

###B. Once initiated, full length of both strands of DNA are duplicated.

###C. Once initiated, one full strand of dsDNA is transcribed in RNA

###D. Severo Ochoa enzyme (Polynucleotide phosphorylase) is helpful in RNA synthesis in template dependent manner.

###E. One of rRNA acts as catalyst for transcription.

• A,B,C

• B,C,D

• C,D,E

• A,D,E

Select the false statements.

• Translation has evolved around RNA, indicating that life began around RNA.

• Lac operon is turned on when allolactose binds to repressor protein.

• AUG is a codon with dual function.

• Ribozyme, present in smaller sub-unit of ribosome acts as catalyse for peptide bond formation during translation

Read the followings:

###A. Split gene is transcribed into primary transcript (pre-mRNA) in all prokaryotic cells.

###B. Inducer is the part of transcription unit.

###C. Codon like UAA has 3 tRNA molecules.

###D. In nucleosome core there are 8 histone molecules.

False staments are

• A, B, C

• B, C, D

• A, C, D

• A, B, D

All are true except:

• Anticodon that aligns with initiator codon is 3’ UAC-5’

• RNA primer is used in transcription.

• All amino acids except 2 amino acids have more than one codon.

• Number of triplet codons having all three bases same in 64 triplet codons is 4.

Choose the correct option.

• Gene produces sugar.

• 3’ end of a nucleic acid has phosphate.

• HIV does not follow central dogma.

##A. Crick suggested for the first time, the requirement of “adaptor” molecule for translation.

##B. Amino acids have structural specialities to read code uniquely.

##C. In actual structure tRNA is a inverted L-shaped compact molecule.

##D. Frame-shift insertion or deletion gave proof that codon is triplet but it is read in a non-contiguous manner.

How many above staements are wrong?

• 2

• 3

• 1

• 4

Which is the "Only enzyme" that has "Capability" to catalyse Initiation, Elongation and Termination in the

process of transcription in prokaryotes?

• DNA Ligase

• DNAse

• DNA dependent DNA polymerase

• DNA dependent RNA polymerase

Watch the molecule of an mRNA of a eukaryotic cell

Now identify A, B, C, Z, D and E.

• A= C₂H₅ Guanosine triphosphate, B= UTR, C= Initiation codon, Z=Translational unit, D= Termination codon,

  E= Poly A tail

• A= Poly A tail , B= UTR, C= Initiation codon, Z=Translational unit, D= Termination codon, E= CH₃ Guanosine triphosphate

• A= CH₃ Guanosine triphosphate, B= UTR, C= Termination codon, Z=Translational unit, D= Initiation codon,

  E= Poly A tail

• A= CH₃ Guanosine triphosphate, B= UTR, C= Initiation codon, Z=Translational unit, D= Termination codon,

  E= Poly A tail