USHC 4.3 Labor Unions to Populist Movement

Which of the following was a negative effect of mechanized farming during the late 1800s?

• More difficult farming techniques

• Enabled farmers to produce products more efficiently

• Overproduction, which led to falling farming prices

• Underproduction, which led to inflation

During the 1870s and 1880s, why did many mid-western farmers have a hard time earning a living?

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  Farm labor was becoming more unionized.

   

• Agricultural output was declining rapidly.

• Railroad companies charged high rates for transporting farm products.

• Prices of agricultural products were increasing due to underproduction.

Read the statement below:

 “Since transportation is a public necessity, the government should own and operate the railroads in the public interest.”

 Which third party held beliefs most similar to those expressed by the quote?

• Know Nothing Party

• Greenback

• Populist

• Bull Mosse

Study the image below. (Remember, to best understand a visual prompt, you need to consider ALL the information presented: dates, characters/individuals represented, setting, descriptions, source, etc.)

The "Cross of Gold" speech, which is depicted in the cartoon above, was a Populist initiative promoting what?

• Hard money, based on the gold standard

• Deflation, in order to raise farm prices

• Bimetallism, which based money on gold and silver

• Muckraking, to expose the corruption of big business

How did the Populist Party view the concept of laissez-faire economics?

• They supported laissez-faire economics because it promoted competition.

• They supported laissez-faire economics because it reinforced the gold standard.

• They opposed laissez-faire economics because they wanted more government regulations.

• They opposed laissez-faire economics because farmers benefitted most from a free economy.

In the late 1800s, why were the Homestead Steel Strike and the Pullman Railcar Strike unsuccessful?

• The federal government only supported business owners.

• Most workers refused to take part in the strike.

• The Supreme Court ruled both strikes were illegal.

• Factory owners hired children to replace the striker

Which of the following methods would be embraced by a union leader?

• Child labor

• Collective bargaining

• Lockouts

• Laissez-faire economics

Analyze the song lyrics below.

"We mean to make things over, we are tired of toil for naught, With but bare enough to live upon, and never an hour for thought; We want to feel the sunshine, and we want to smell the flowers, We are sure that God has will'd it, and we mean to have eight hours. We're summoning our forces from the shipyard, shop and mill, Chorus. Eight hours for work, eight hours for rest, eight hours for what we will! Eight hours for work, eight hours for rest, eight hours for what we will!" — I.G. Blanchard, "Eight Hours, 1878

During the late 1800s, which group would have expressed the goals of these lyrics?

• organizers of labor unions

• sharecroppers following the Civil War

• Grangers demanding railroad regulation

• owners of big businesses

Why did presidents and governors use military force during labor-management conflicts in the late 19th century?

• in order to support industrialists and end strikes

• in order to make employers sign collective bargaining agreements

• in order to protect workers from the private armies of employers

• in order to replace striking factory workers with soldiers

"You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold." --William Jennings Bryan, 1896

According to this excerpt, which idea did William Jennings Bryan promote?

• Granger laws

• diamond standard

• socialism

• bimetallism