AP Psychology: Learning

A lion in a circus learns to stand up on a chair and jump through a hoop to receive a food treat.

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• observational learning

Ivan Pavlov has been credited with the initial discovery of

• operant conditioning.
• reinforcement
• classical conditioning.
• vicarious conditioning.

In a classic experiment, "Little Albert," a very young boy, was conditioned to be afraid of a rat. He also became fearful of white furry rabbits and bearded men. This is an example of

• generalization.

• higher order conditioning.
• reinforcement.
• operant conditioning.

Which form of learning would most likely be studied in an operant chamber (Skinner box)?

• classical conditioning
• vicarious conditioning
• operant conditioning
• conditioned emotional responses

In John Watson's "Little Albert" experiment, what was the UCS?

• The white rat
• Anything white and furry
• The loud noise
• Fear

When Pavlov placed food in the mouth's of dogs, they began to salivate. The salivation was a(n) ________.

• unconditioned stimulus
• unconditioned response
• conditioned response
• conditioned stimulus

John Watson and his colleague, Rosalie Rayner, offered a live white rat to Little Albert and then made a loud noise behind his head by striking a steel bar with a hammer. The white rat served as the _____________ in their study.

• discriminative stimulus
• conditioned stimulus
• unconditioned stimulus
• extinguished stimulus

An operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token for exhibiting a desired behavior and can exchange it for privileges/treats:

• law of effect

• token economy

• operant chamber

• primary reinforcer

In Pavlov's experiment, the salivating to the sound of a bell is a(n)

• Unconditioned Stimulus

• Unconditioned Response

• Conditioned Stimulus

• Conditioned Response

When learning first takes place, we would say that __ has occurred.

• Acquisition
• Extinction
• Spontaneous Recovery
• Discrimination