Anatomy and Physiology: BLOOD

What does blood consist of?

• plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets

• hormones, oxygen, nutrients, water

• red blood cells

• carbon dioxide and minerals

What component of the blood is responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide to or from body cells?

• Red Blood Cells

• White Blood Cells

• Plasma

• Platelet

What component of the blood is responsible for fighting bacteria and viruses?

• Red Blood Cells

• White Blood Cells

• Plasma

• Platelet

What is the function of the platelets?

• To transport oxygen to the muscles

• To carry dissolved sugars.

• To form clots (i.e. scabs) when you have cuts and grazes.

• To produce antibodies

Answer explanation

Platelets are small cell fragments that play an important role in hemostasis, or clot formation. Once activated, platelets release clotting factors that recruit more platelets till a clot is formed and bleeding stops.  

A donor has AB- blood. Which patient or patients below can receive this type of blood safely?

• A patient with O- blood.

• A patient with B- blood

• A patient with A- blood

• A patient with AB- blood.

Answer explanation

Donors with AB type blood can only donate to others who have AB type blood, in this case AB- blood. However, they are the universal recipients in that they can receive blood for every blood type but can only donate to the same exact blood type.

Red blood cells are very vital for survival. Which statement below is NOT correct about red blood cells?

• "Extreme loss of red blood cells can lead to a suppressed immune system and clotting problems."

• "Red blood cells help carry oxygen throughout the body with the help of the protein hemoglobin."

• "Red blood cells are suspended in the blood's plasma."

• "Red blood cells help remove carbon dioxide from the body."

Answer explanation

Extreme loss of red blood cells leads to anemia which can cause a patient to experience shortness of breath (there is a decreased ability to carry oxygen throughout the body), tachycardia, fatigue, pale skin color etc. Suppressed immune system can be from LOW white blood cells, and clotting problems can be from LOW platelets.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

What blood type is known as the “universal recipient”?

• Type B

• Type A

• Type O

• Type AB

It is the common type of white blood cell.

• Neutrophils

• Lymphocytes

• Basophils

• Eosinophils

Answer explanation

Neutrophils are the most common type of white blood cell, making up 55-70% of the total white blood cell population in the average blood sample. 

What percentage of your blood is plasma?

• 55%

• 45%

• 35%

• 1%

What is the volume of blood in the ave female?

• 8-10 L

• 6-8 L

• 5-6 L

• 4-5 L