BEST PRACTICE Kepler's Laws and Gravitation

An asteroid revolves around the sun with a mean (average) orbital radius twice that of Earth’s. Predict the period of the asteroid in Earth years.

• 2.8 years

• 8 years

• 2 years

• 1.6 years

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

The moon has a period of 27.3 days and has a mean distance of 3.90 x 10⁵ km from the center of Earth. Find the period of an artificial satellite that is in orbit 6.70 x 10³ km from the center of Earth.

• 3.78 x 10^–3 days

• 6.15 x 10^–2 days

• 1.21 x 10⁴ days

• 1.47 x 10⁸ days

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

The moon has a period of 27.3 days and has a mean distance of 3.90 x 10⁵ km from the center of Earth. Predict what the mean distance from Earth’s center would be for an artificial satellite that has a period of 1.00 day.

• 4.30 x 10⁴ km

• 7.96 x 10¹³ km

• 4.42 x 10¹⁹ km

• 6.65 x 10⁹ km

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Tom has a mass of 70.0 kg and Sally has a mass of 50.0 kg. Tom and Sally are standing 20.0 m apart on the dance floor. Sally looks up and sees Tom. She feels an attraction. If the attraction is gravitational, find its size. Assume that both Tom and Sally can be replaced by spherical masses.

• 5.84 x 10^–10 N

• 1.17 x 10^–8 N

• 2.33 x 10^–7 N

• 2.33 x 10^–15 N

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

1.0-kg mass weighs 9.8 N on a planet's surface, and the radius of the planet is roughly 6.4 x 10⁶ m. Calculate the mass of the planet.

• 6.0 x 10²⁴ kg

• 9.4 x 10¹⁷ kg

• 6.1 x 10²³ kg

• 9.6 x 10¹⁶ kg

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Uranus requires 84 years to circle the sun. Find Uranus’s orbital radius as a multiple of Earth’s orbital radius r_E.

• 19 r_E

• 84 r_E

• 7.1 x 10³ r_E

• 770 r_E

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

A satellite is placed in an orbit around the Earth with a radius that is half the radius of the moon’s orbit. Find its period in units of the period of the moon T_M.

• 0.35 T_M

• 0.125 T_M

• 0.5 T_M

• 0.63 T_M

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Two spherical balls are placed so that their centers are 2.6 m apart. The force between the two balls is 2.75 x 10^–12 N. What is the mass of the lighter ball if one ball is twice the mass of the other ball?

• 0.37 kg

• 0.75 kg

• 0.23 kg

• 0.05 kg

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

The radius of Earth is about 6.38 × 10³ km. A 7.20 × 10³ N spacecraft travels away from Earth. What is the weight of the spacecraft if it is at a distance of 6.38 x 10³ km from Earth’s surface?

• 7.20 × 10³ N

• 1.80 × 10³ N

• 3.60 × 10³ N

• 9.00 × 10² N

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

How high does a rocket have to go above Earth’s surface before its weight is half what it would be on Earth?

• It should be at twice the distance from the center of the earth.

• It should be at four times the distance from the center of the earth.

• It should be at √2 times the distance from the center of the earth.

• It should be at 1.5 times the distance from the center of the earth.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4