Operant Conditioning

Conducted classical conditioning experiment on Little Albert for him to fear a white rat after pairing with a loud noise.

• Albert Bandura

• John Watson

• Ivan Pavlov

• Edward Thorndike

Influential psychologist conducting research on operant conditioning; animals and humans can be trained using positive and negative reinforcement; as well as positive and negative punishment.

• B.F. Skinner

• Albert Bandura

• John Garcia

• Walter Mischel

What is the process by which a stimulus increases the chances of a preceding behavior occurring again?

• reinforcement

• flooding

• extinction

• systematic desensitization

The disappearance or weakening of a learned response following the removal or absence of the unconditioned stimulus or the removal of a reinforcer.

• Extinction

• Spontaneous Recovery

• Operant Conditioning

• Reinforcement

A lion in a circus learns to stand up on a chair and jump through a hoop to receive a food treat.

• classical conditioning

• operant conditioning

• observational learning

Behavior being rewarded after a set amount of time is know as

• Fixed-ratio schedule

• Variable-ratio schedule

• Fixed-interval schedule

Removing an aversive (hated) stimulus; reducing or removing something undesirable or unpleasant is known as

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Conditioned reinforcer

Which of the following describes negative reinforcement?

• A mother gives her son praise for doing homework

• Sarah studies hard because it earns her "A" grades in English

• Dennis used to walk to school but does not do so anymore because he was attacked by a dog in the neighborhood last month.

• Bob washes the dishes in order to stop his mother's nagging

What is punishment?

•  Anything that the subject will work to avoid
  
•  Any unpleasant stimulus
  
•  Anything that the subject dislikes
  
•  Anything that decreases the likelihood of a behaviour occurring

What is a reinforcer?

• Anything that decreases the frequency of a behaviour

• Anything that the subject likes 
• Anything that the subject will work for 
• Anything that follows a behaviour and increases the likelihood of a behaviour occurring