Biology A Midterm Exam Review

All living things contain which element?

• helium

• sodium

• copper

• carbon

Proteins are large macromolecules composed of thousands of subunits. The structure of the protein depends on the sequence of

• lipids

• monosaccharides

• amino acids

• nucleotides

Carbohydrates are macromolecules used for energy in living organisms. Large carbohydrate molecules are made of smaller building blocks called monosaccharides.The arrangement of which three components is used to distinguish one monosaccharide from another?

• Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

• Glucose, fructose, and ribose

• Peptide, fatty acid, and purine

• Water, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen

Which of the following is a primary function of carbohydrates?

• storage of energy

• transmission of genetic material

• acceleration of chemical reactions

• transport of molecules across membranes

The diagram below represents a fat molecule. A fat molecule belongs to which category of organic molecules?

• proteins

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• carbohydrates

Energy for most chemical reactions in cells is supplied by which of the following molecules?

• ATP

• DNA

• adrenaline

• hemoglobin

Which of the following best describes the composition of a nucleotide?

• a pair of six-carbon rings attached to each other

• a carbon atom joined to hydrogen and three functional groups

• a chain of carbon atoms with a carboxyl group bonded to one end

• a five-carbon sugar attached to a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base

Which of the following statements describes a DNA molecule?

• It contains the base uracil.

• It has a double helix shape.

• It contains five phosphate groups per nucleotide.

• It has a backbone of twenty different nucleotides.

The diagram below shows a pair of DNA nucleotides. The nitrogenous base guanine (G) is labeled. Which nitrogenous base pairs with guanine?

• adenine (A)

• cytosine (C)

• thymine (T)

• uracil (U)

A student is preparing to run in a school track competition. For the quickest source of energy,the student should eat a food that contains a high percentage of

• carbohydrates

• fat

• proteins

• sodium