Behavioral and Social Theories of Learning and Self-Regulation

Learning is usually defined as a change in an individual caused by (a)   and is often accompanied by feedback from the student's environment.

Which behavioral or social learning theory is associated with Pavlov and unconditional, neutral, and conditioned stimuli?

• Observational Learning

• Classical Conditioning

• Operant Conditioning

• Self-regulated Learning

Explain operant conditioning and give an example of how it can be used in the classroom?

Unless a(n) __________ consequence reduces the frequency of the behavior it follows, it may not be a punisher.

• pleasant

• unpleasant

• positive

• innate

Which has a larger effect, a small reinforcer given immediately or a large reinforcer given later? Briefly, explain your answer

Fixed-ratio schedules should be gradually _________ to enhance students' ability to work independently making the behavior more resistant to _________.

• decreased, repetition

• decreased, extinction

• increased, extinction

• increased, repetition

Whole class questioning by randomly choosing an equity stick (a craft stick with a student's names on it) ia an example of a ______ ______ schedule of reinforcement. Random spot checking of students' notebooks is an example of a ______ ______ schedule of reinforcement.

• variable-ratio,

  variable-interval

• fixed-ratio, variable-interval

• variable-ratio, fixed-interval

• fixed-ratio,

  variable-ratio

Behavioral learning theories apply best to observable behaviors. Briefly explain how social learning theories focus beyond observable behaviors to help teachers teach and encourage student self-regulation.

A student has a second tab up and is playing a computer game while the rest of the class is engaging on the class site. The teacher praises other students for focusing on the lesson and shares some of the written responses by projecting them. The student stops playing the game, closes the game tab, and writes a response on the class site. This is an example of ______ _______.

• operant conditioning.

• positive reinforcement

• secondary reinforcement

• learning vicariously

Albert Bandura proposed that students learn to reinforce themselves. He noted that there are four phases in which students learn through modeling. List these four phases and briefly explain how this may or may not teach self-regulation.