Judicial Branch Vocabulary

jurisdiction

• an opinion that agrees with the majority opinion but does not agree with the rationale behind it.

• an opinion filed by a judge who disagrees with the majority decision of a case

• the official power to make legal decisions and judgments.

• published false statement that is damaging to a person's reputation; a written defamation.

defendant

• an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.

• the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, or sex.

• The list of those court cases due to be heard

• fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.

bail

• the legally authorized killing of someone as punishment for a crime.

• the temporary release of an accused person awaiting trial, sometimes on condition that a sum of money be lodged to guarantee their appearance in court.

• a legal dispute between two or more parties. A civil action begins when a party to a dispute files a complaint, and pays a filing fee required by statute

• the power of a court to hear appeals from lower courts.

due process

• a law that prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence in a criminal trial

• a jury, typically of twenty-three people, selected to examine the validity of an accusation before trial.

• The list of those court cases due to be heard

• all legal rights that are owed to the person are respected..

plaintiff

• an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances

• Criminal law is the body of law that relates to crime. It prescribes conduct perceived as threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and moral welfare of people inclusive of one's self

• a person who brings a case against another in a court of law.

• a judicial opinion that is joined by more than half the judges deciding a case

precedent

• judicial suppression of material that would be published or broadcast, on the grounds that it is libelous or harmful. In US law, the First Amendment severely limits the ability of the government to do this.

• the action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person's reputation.

• reasonable grounds (for making a search, pressing a charge, etc.)

• an earlier event or action that is regarded as an example or guide to be considered in subsequent similar circumstances.

search warrant

• the principle that the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments protect fundamental rights from government interference.

• a legal document authorizing a police officer or other official to enter and search premises.

• a person who brings a case against another in a court of law

• a judicial opinion that is joined by more than half the judges deciding a case

probable cause

• he action or crime of making a false spoken statement damaging to a person's reputation.t

• A court's power to hear and decide a case before any appellate review.

• reasonable grounds (for making a search, pressing a charge, etc.).

• a person who brings a case against another in a court of law

criminal case

• exists in civil procedure if one court has the power to adjudicate a case to the exclusion of all other courts.

• judicial suppression of material that would be published or broadcast, on the grounds that it is libelous or harmful. In US law, the First Amendment severely limits the ability of the government to do this.

• A court's power to hear and decide a case before any appellate review

• It describes conduct perceived as threatening, harmful, or otherwise endangering to the property, health, safety, and moral welfare of people inclusive of one's self

civil case

• an individual, company, or institution sued or accused in a court of law.

• a court that is subordinate to and whose decisions are subject to review by the highest court in a judicial system

• a legal dispute between two or more parties. A civil action begins when a party to a dispute files a complaint, and pays a filing fee required by statute

• fair treatment through the normal judicial system, especially as a citizen's entitlement.