Energy Conversions End of Unit Review

Jasmine’s town relies on energy from wind to power lights in her school. Her friend Jose lives in

another town that does not have a lot of wind. He doesn’t understand how wind can make the

lights stay on in her school. Which of the following is the best explanation Jasmine can provide to

Jose about how this works?

• Motion energy is converted to thermal energy.

• Motion energy is transferred to solar energy and then to electrical energy.

• Motion energy is created by solar energy.

• Motion energy is converted into electrical energy.

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Mona lives in Arizona where it is sunny for many days of the year. Her family drives a car that is

powered only by the sun. Which of the following are benefits of driving a solar car versus one that

runs only on fossil fuels? Select all that apply.

• Solar energy produces less pollution than fossil fuels.

• Solar energy is a renewable source of energy.

• Solar energy is a non-renewable source of energy.

• Solar energy is more expensive than fossil fuels.

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Desmond was given the solar cooker shown above. It takes 50 minutes to cook food when placed

in direct sunlight. He wants to test variations of this design to find one that can cook the food

faster. He changed one variable at a time to test a variety of designs. He also noted the cost that

was necessary to make each change. The data are in the table below. Part A —Based on Desmond’s criteria, which design should he choose?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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Explain your reasoning for choosing your answer before.

• This design was the cheapest option, yet it took longer to cook the food.

• This design took the longest to cook the food, but cost nothing.

• This design cooked the food in the least amount of time, and cost nothing.

• This design cooked the food in the least amount of time, despite the small cost.

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A science student is using a solar cooker to investigate how energy moves from one place

to another.

Which of the following explains one way that energy is transferred?

• Heat energy moves from the box to the sun.

• Light energy moves from the food to the sun.

• Light energy moves from the reflector to the sun.

• Heat energy moves from the dark bowl to the food.

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The image above shows a blender mixing ingredients for a milkshake. Which of the following best

explains the energy in this example?

• Electrical energy is transferred from the surrounding air.

• Electrical energy is transferred to the motion energy.

• Motion energy is transferred to the light energy.

• Motion energy is created as it transfers to the electrical energy.

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Every time Sonya and Sasha go camping, their lights don’t last very long when it turns dark out.

They want this light so they can read at their campsite. They brainstorm ways they can design a

solar powered light that will last the longest and solve their problem. What steps should they take

first to find the most effective solution?

• Test only the design that is the cheapest to make.

• Ask their friends which design they think will work best.

• Test different designs and choose the design that works the best.

• Test only the design that is the easiest to make.

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A town relies on water from a dam nearby to provide electricity. Explain the energy in

this example.

• Motion energy from the water is transformed into electrical energy.

• Motion energy from the water is transformed into sound energy.

• Electrical energy from the water is transformed into motion energy.

• Electrical energy from the water is transformed into electrical energy.

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How does this lamp use energy?

• Light energy converts to electrical energy.

• Heat energy is transformed into electricity.

• Electrical energy causes motion energy.

• Electrical energy is converted to light and heat energy.

A student drops a book to the floor to investigate how energy changes into sound. When the

book hits the floor, it makes a loud sound.

How was the sound produced?

• Electrical energy was produced when the book hit the floor. This produced a sound.

• Energy of motion from the falling book was converted to heat. The heat produced a sound.

• Electrical energy was produced as the book fell to the floor, which caused a sound to

  be produced.

• Energy of motion from the falling book was transferred to the floor, which caused a sound to

  be produced.

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