Test 5

According to Freud, the unconscious is

• the part of personality that cannot process information.

• the thoughts, wishes, feelings, and memories of which we are largely unaware.

• a set of universal concepts acquired by all humans from our common past.

• a reservoir of deeply repressed memories that do not affect behavior.

When Inge was 4 years old, her uncle yelled at her. At 14, Inge felt uncomfortable whenever she saw this uncle but was unable to understand why she felt this way. A psychoanalyst would be most likely to suggest that Inge is using the defense mechanism of

• repression

• rationalization

• regression

• displacement

Freud referred to a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage as

• projection

• fixation

• displacement

• repression

Tests that present ambiguous stimuli designed to uncover hidden personality dynamics are called ________ tests.

• identification

• projective

• psychoanalytic

• dynamic

Which of the following personality assessment tools has been the most harshly criticized for lacking validity?

• TAT

• Rorschach inkblot test

• Personality assessment

• Free association test

Which perspective held that people are basically good and are endowed with self-actualizing tendencies?

• Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs

• B. F. Skinner's behaviorism

• Carl Rogers' person-centered perspective

• Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stages of development

The social-cognitive perspective emphasizes the interactive influences of our traits and our

• temperaments

• situations

• possible selves.

• self-concepts.

Which personality theories emphasize reciprocal determinism?

• psychodynamic

• social-cognitive

• trait

• humanistic

Bipolar disorder is most likely to be characterized by

• a low grade but persistent depression.

• flashbacks of a past trauma.

• a single manic episode with no history of depression.

• alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.

Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggests that

• there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia.

• almost anybody will develop schizophrenia if exposed to extensive environmental stress.

• schizophrenia patients suffer from a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin.

• if adopted children's adoptive parents have schizophrenia, they will, too.