According to experts, civilization began with the domestication of crops. Why?

• humans exposure to pathogens increased and made them more vulnerable to disease

• human societies developed a system of record-keeping to manage food surpluses & protect private property .

• human invented iron metallurgy and warfare began.

• human societies began to practice major world religions.

Answer explanation

For many historians, the advent of history & the birth of "civilization" began with writing.

H/o, there are always exceptions...ie Kingdom of Mali which utilized griots and the Inca who used a knot system.

Place the following events in correct chronological order

• development of a written language

• domestication of plants

• human migration to all major landmasses

• domestication of animals (wolves, sheep)

• smelting of bronze & iron

Why did the birth of agriculture led to social stratification?

(more social classes & greater inequities in wealth & power)

Check all that apply

• Since a food surplus was achieved, not everyone was needed to farm.

• Since farming was hard, it often led to coercive (force) labor like slavery & serfdom.

• bureaucrats & other gov't officials were needed to help organize & distribute food surpluses.

What was the first monotheistic religion

• Christianity

• Judaism

• Islam

• Buddhism

Place the following religions in the correct historical order.

• Christianity

• Islam

• Buddhism, Confucianism & Daoism

• Judaism

• Hinduism

Match the circa origin date of each of the following

• 600 CE

• Judaism

• c. 0

• Islam

• c. 600 BCE

• Christianity

• c. 1,500 BCE

• Buddhism, Confucianism & Daoism

• c. 2000 BCE

• Hinduism

The Chinese philosophies developed in relative isolation from the Abrahamic religion due to the physical barriers of the Gobi & Himalayans. Approximately, when did China open the Silk Road & end isolation

• 600 BCE

• 0

• 1100 CE

Answer explanation

Mnemonic trick: The Silk Road opened about the same time as Christianity began.

Approximately when was the "Golden Age" of Islam when they invented the astrolabe, & underwent the "translation movement"

• 500 CE

• 700-800 CE

• 1000-1100 CE

• 1300 CE

Answer explanation

Early Islam made many achievement adhering to the verse of the Quran "to seek knowledge"

However, over time, the ulama "Islamic scholars" became more ethnocentric. The sufi movement and syncretism with other religions made them unhappy.

When did feudalism begin in Europe?

• 476 CE

• 800 CE

• 1100 CE

Answer explanation

The Dark Ages ended when "Charlemagne" a member of Germanic barbarians is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Charlemagne's grandfather "Clovis" had converted to Christianity and Charlemagne came to defend the pope when the Lombards (another Germanic tribe attacked Rome)

By 800 CE, the Germanic invasions come t an end.

Which modern day country is where the Holy Roman Empire was located?

• Italy

• Greece

• Germany

• England