Unit 8 Quizizz Review- Enlightenment, Political Revolutions

The Enlightenment ideals of the French Revolution are BEST represented by the

• Declaration of the Rights of Man.

• Declaration of Independence.

• U.S. Constitution.

• Magna Carta.

This excerpt from The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizen contains influences from what other 18th century event?

• The Haitian Revolution

• The Seven Years' War

• The French Revolution

• The American Revolution

"The Sovereign, having no force other than the legislative power, acts only by means of the laws; and the laws being solely the authentic acts of the general will, the Sovereign cannot act save when the people are assembled."

--Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Of The Social Contract, Or Principles of Political Right, 1762.

Which concept is central both to the Declaration of Independence and to Social Contract Theory?

• the authority of the government should be derived from the consent of the governed

• the authority of the government should be based on the "Divine Right of Kings"

• the authority of the government to create a militia to defend its citizens

• the right of the government to trade freely and enter into alliances with other nations

In what way was the independence movement in Haiti DIFFERENT from the independence movement led by Simon Bolivar in South America?

• Haiti revolted against Spanish control.

• Haiti's was a violent slave revolt.

• Haiti won their independence with U.S. assistance.

• Haiti's movement was not successful.

Which of these is NOT considered a cause of the French Revolution?

• weak leadership from King Louis XVI

• anger over the French government denouncing the Catholic Church

• the lack of political influence held by the Third Estate in France

• increased taxes combined with rising costs of bread

Man being born with a title to perfect freedom, and enjoyment of all the rights and privileges of the law of nature, equally with any other man, hath by nature a power, not only to preserve his life, liberty and estate, against the injuries and attempts of other men; but to judge of, and punish the breaches of that law in others.- from Two Treatises of Government, John Locke, 1690

John Locke's writing reflects the ideals of the Enlightenment in that

• government must be rule by a democracy, rather than by a monarch.

• civil society is not possible when men work to protect their property.

• there is no private property, and therefore no justice or injustice.

• men are created with equal rights and responsibilities under the law of nature.

Social Contract Theory holds that governments get their power from the people, and that if the government no longer serves the people it can be overthrown. Which of these offers the BEST example of Social Contract Theory in practice in America?

• The Mayflower Compact

• The Declaration of Independence

• The Albany Plan of Union

• The Articles of Confederation

The Preamble to the United States Constitution

"We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America."

What Enlightenment idea is reflected in the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution?

• A system of checks and balances is necessary

• Power should be divided among three branches.

• All men and women are created equal.

• The government's power comes from the people.

BOTH the “Declaration of the Rights of Man and of Citizen” & the “Declaration of Independence”

• were created by a large and growing working class.

• spoke clearly in opposition to slavery.

• asserted that all people had a right to liberty, property, and freedom of expression.

• advocated a separation from an imperial and colonial power.

How did the American Revolution influence the French Revolution?

• America provided battle strategies that were instrumental in in helping the French overthrow the monarch.

• America demonstrated that it was possible to overthrow old European government regimes.

• The French received financial support from the Americans that allowed them to win the war.

• The French rejected the ideas of the American Revolution as too liberal, but found success in a more conservative approach.