12. Creativity, Giftedness & Wisdom

„Giftedness

• childhood

• adulthood

• later

Creativity

• childhood

• adulthood

• later

Wisdom

• childhood

• adulthood

• later

„The evidence makes clear that gifted children show __________________________________ before practice, but they are motivated to practice a great deal to master their talent and so environmental factors contribute to the growth of their giftedness

• outstanding innate talent

• No outstanding innate talent

• Renzulli (1986)

• THREE RING MODEL

• Rezali

_____________________ used factor analysis; he examined the pattern of correlation among a large number of different types of ability tests given to a large sample of people. He then found a single underlying factor of general intelligence or ‘g’

• Spearman

• Thurstone

_________________________ used a wider range of tests and a different method, couldn’t find ‘g’ but found a set of seven independent factors which he called the primary mental abilities-

• Spearman

• Thurstone

„Renzulli (1986) defined giftedness in his three-ring model as involving:

• 1. outstanding general ability as measured by IQ tests or specific aptitude tests for domains such as mathematical ability, musical talent, or sculpture;

• 2. creativity in the domain of high ability;

• 3. commitment and a high level of motivation to develop skills in the domain of high ability.

„Little ‘c’ creativity—relatively common small departures from daily routines—

„and big ‘C’ creativity—relatively rare major innovations which affect our culture.

„Small ‘c’ creativity can be enhanced (Nickerson, 1999).

• Gardner (1993)

• Csikszentmihalyi (1999, 1996)

• Sternberg and Lubart’s (1999)

• Barbara Fredrickson (2002)

_____________________ has argued that creativity is most usefully conceptualized as a systemic rather than an individualistic process that involves the dynamic interaction of three distinct systems:

•1. The person with his or her talents, personality traits and motivations

•2. The domain which consists of the symbol-system, rules, techniques, practices and guiding paradigm

•3. The field which consists of people working within the same domain (artists, scientists, critics, journal editors) whose activity is governed by the same domain-specific rules and practices

• Gardner (1993)

• Csikszentmihalyi (1999, 1996)

• Sternberg and Lubart’s (1999)

• Barbara Fredrickson (2002)