Ancient America and European Explorers

These structures indicate that ancient pre-Columbian civilizations –

• were based on European societies

• had the engineering skill to build complex structures

• incorporated early Roman architectural design

• were strongly influenced by Christianity

What Aztec religious practice is represented in the picture above?

• Fasting

• Temple construction

• Human sacrifice

• Food offerings to the Gods

What does the drawing illustrate about pre-Columbian Inca civilization?

•  the religious influence on architecture

• cooperation and planning in agriculture

•  the use of superior military technology for defense

•  the role of government during natural disaster

The Aztec calendar and the Maya use of zero both illustrate that Pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas-

• traded extensively with Africa

• declined because of invasion and disease

• converted to Islam

• made advances in mathematics and science

Those born in the Americas and of mixed ancestry, one parent Native American, the other of Spanish ancestry were known as_________________.

• Mestizos

• Peninsulares

• Creoles

• Natives

Which was an immediate result of the European Age of Exploration?

• Islamic culture spread across Africa and Asia

• independence movements developed in Asia and Africa

• military dictatorships were established throughout Europe

• European influence spread to the Western hemisphere

The Native American population of Mexico in 1492 has been estimated at 25 million; the population in 1608 has been estimated at 1.7 million.  This decrease in population was mainly a result of 

• crop failures brought on by poor weather conditions

• emigration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa

• wars between various native groups

• diseases introduced by the Spanish

In Latin America during the early period of Spanish colonialism, the deaths of large numbers of the native people led to

• a decline in Spanish immigration to the Americas

• the removal of most Spanish troops from the Americas

• the importation of slaves from Africa

• improved health care in the colonies

One reason the Spanish conquistadors were able to conquer the Aztec and Inca Empires rapidly is that

• these empires had no standing armies

• the Spanish had better weapons than the Aztecs and Incas did

• the Spanish greatly outnumbered the Aztecs and Incas

• the Aztecs and Incas joined together to fight the Spanish

One result of the European conquest of Latin America was that in Latin America

• Spanish became the major spoken language

• Native American cultures flourished

• The Aztec religion spread

• Many parliamentary democracies were established