Section#8 Vocab Review

Eighteenth–century Italian philosopher that argued punishment should only be severe enough to offset the pleasure gained from committing the crime.

• Cesare Beccaria

• John Howard

• Zebulon Brockway

The systematic weighing positive consequences against negative consequences in decision making.

• Cost Benefit Analysis

• General Deterrence

• Rational Choice Theory

The idea that criminal punishments will prevent future crimes because the offenders have learned from their punishments (specific), and society learns from the example of the punished (general ).

• Deterrence

• Incapacitation

• Recidivism

• Restitution

The corrections goal of removing the ability of the offender to commit future crime

• Incapacitation

• General Deterrence

• Restitution

• Recidivism

Refers to the disproportionate number of minority youth that come into contact with the juvenile justice system, as well as the disproportionate number of minorities that come into contact with police.

• Disproportionate Minority Contact

• Cost Benefit Analysis

• Congregate System

• Lease System

A type of deterrence based on the premise that society in general will avoid crime because of the example of those that have been punished.

• General Deterrence

• Specific Deterrence

• Deterrence

The perspective that people choose a particular course of action when they perceive that the benefits of the action outweigh the costs.

• Rational Choice Theory

• Lease System

• Reformatory Movement:

• Rehabilitation Model

A relapse into criminal behavior; an important measure of how good of a job probation, parole, and prison programs are doing at rehabilitating offenders.

• Recidivism

• Restitution

• Rehabilitation Model

• Crime Control Model

Money paid to the victim of a crime as part of a criminal sanction.

• Restitution

• Recidivism

• Lease System

• Rehabilitation Model

A type of deterrence based on the idea that the individual offender will be dissuaded from future criminality by experiencing punishment.

• Specific Deterrence

• General Deterrence

• Deterrence

• Legal

  Deterrence