5th Century BC Athens - The Peloponnesian War Consequences

An Athenian historian and general. His History of the Peloponnesian War recounts the fifth-century BC war between Sparta and Athens until the year 411 BC.

• Thucydides

• Xenophon

• Thrasybulus

• Cleon

A Greek military leader, philosopher, and historian, born in Athens. At the age of 30, he was elected commander of one of the biggest Greek mercenary armies of the Achaemenid Empire, the Ten Thousand, that marched on and came close to capturing Babylon in 401 BC.

• Thucydides

• Xenophon

• Thrasybulus

• Cleon

An Athenian general and democratic leader. In 411 BC, in the wake of an oligarchic coup at Athens, the pro-democracy sailors at Samos elected him as a general, making him a primary leader of the ultimately successful democratic resistance to the coup

• Thucydides

• Xenophon

• Thrasybulus

• Cleon

An Athenian general during the Peloponnesian War. He was the first prominent representative of the commercial class in Athenian politics, although he was an aristocrat himself. He strongly advocated for an offensive war strategy and is remembered for being ruthless in carrying out his policies.

• Thucydides

• Xenophon

• Thrasybulus

• Cleon

During the first phase of the Peloponnesian War, known as the​ (a)   (431-421 BC), the Spartans and their allies invaded Attica several times and ravaged the ​ (b)   . Also, in the third and final stage of the conflict, the Decelean War (413-404), the Spartans occupied and fortified the area of​ (c)   in northern Attica which served as a basis for continuous ​ (d)   until the defeat of Athens.

• Archidamian War
• countryside
• Decelea
• plundering

Battle of ​ (a)   , (405 BC), ​ (b)   victory of Sparta over Athens, final battle of the Peloponnesian War. The fleets of the two Greek rival powers faced each other in the Hellespont for four days without battle, until on the fifth day the Spartans under ​ (c)   surprised the Athenians in their anchorage off Aegospotami. ​ (d)   the Athenian commander, escaped with only 20 of his 180 ships, and the 3,000–4,000 Athenians who were captured were put to death. The victory at Aegospotami enabled Lysander to proceed against Athens itself, forcing the ​ (e)   to surrender in April 404.

• Aegospotami
• naval
• Lysander
• Conon,
• Athenians

The Athenian experience in the Peloponnesian War suggests that during times of war, when open​ (a)   must precede decision making and when the persuasion of relatively ​ (b)   majorities is often required, ​ (c)   may find it harder to adjust to the necessities of war than less open ​ (d)  

• debate
• uninformed
• democracies
• societies.

The Athenian coup of 411 BC was the result of a revolution that took place during the Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta. The coup overthrew the democratic government of ancient Athens and replaced it with a short-lived oligarchy known as the .....

• Lysander

• Hegemon

• Council of the Four Hundred

• Perioeci

A Spartan military and political leader. He destroyed the Athenian fleet at the Battle of Aegospotami in 405 BC, forcing Athens to capitulate and bringing the Peloponnesian War to an end.

• Lysander

• Hegemon

• Council of the Four Hundred

• Perioeci

The second-tier citizens of the polis of Sparta until c. 200 BC. They lived in several dozen cities within Spartan territories, which were dependent on Sparta.

• Lysander

• Hegemon

• Council of the Four Hundred

• Perioeci