Exam 1

Positive Psychology is the scientific study of what?

• Happy people

• Optimal human functioning

• Advancing mental health awareness

• Positive constructs

Which of the following is found in all cultures that may buffer people from developing mental disorders?

• Strick forms of punishment to keep people “in line.”

• An expectation that peoples with problems will turn to other people for help before developing a mental illness

• Strengths such as resilience and adaptive ways of coping

• Pure genetic lines that are absent genes for disorders that plague neighboring cultures

Which of the following is a measurement tool that measures strengths and positive outcomes?

• Diagnostic and statistical manual

• international classification of diseases

• client behavior checklist

• values in action classification of strengths

A core characteristic valued by most is a

• virtue

• theme

• character strength

• situational theme

What issue that plagued the field of psychology did scholars hope that positive psychology would fix?

• the expenses of therapeutic services

• the low number of professionals with marginalized identities

• the growing number of inpatient clients

• the over-pathologization of underprivileged groups

What might be a problem with simply comparing levels of a construct across cultures?

• sample size

• construct equivalence

• effect size

• political disputes between countries

Sandage, Hill, and Vang examined the trait of forgiveness among Hmong Americans. What difference did they notice exists between Hmong and other conceptualizations of forgiveness?

• The Hmong forgive others more easily than people from other cultures

• other cultures emphasize cognitive and spiritual elements of forgiveness

• Spiritual components and third-party mediation of forgiveness are more prevalent among the Hmong

• Hmong Americans undergo a shorter process of forgiveness when compared to other cultures.

Which of the following is considered one of the few universal truths in the resilience literature?

• one caring adult can help a child/youth adapt

• time heals all wounds

• individuals can overcome past traumas

• resilient children have numerous protective factors

Which of the following is a risk factor that threatens positive development in children?

• faith and a sense of meaning

• postsecondary education of parents

• parental illness or psychopathology

• good neighborhoods

The extent to which a measure has been appropriately translated from its original language into another is

• linguistic equivilance

• cultural equivalence

• social equivalence

• general construct equivalence