Genetic Lecture 11 Hybrid

Understanding Seed Industry

Uniqueness of Seed

• As a raw materials in the industry

• As propagation & primary tool for crop improvement

• The starting point of food supply chain.

• Seed is a small tiny object produced by a plant, that capable of developing into another plant.

Importance of seed industry

• Seed supplies staple food

• As propagation & primary tool for crop improvement

• As feed for animals

• As a source of oil

• As a raw materials in the industry

Global population size & annual growth rate: estimates, 1950-2022, and _____ with 95 per cent prediction intervals

One of the major trends which have influenced the seeds market to increase, significant increase in global population coupled with the ____ worldwide.

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals "As the world population continues to grow, much more effort and innovation will be urgently needed in order to sustainably increase agricultural production. ____ (seeds) are key inputs into food production and critical in ensuring food security and good nutrition for all.

Importance of Seed Production except

• Availability of superior varieties to masses

• Seeds have high germination status

• Maintenance of genetic purity

• Multiplication of Superior Varieties

• Production of genetically pure and good quality pedigree seed.

Changing Phase in Seed Industry except

• • The Era of Farmer ‘s Farm saved seeds (OP)

• • The Era of Of of Selected Seeds (OP)

• • The Era Hybrid Seeds( F1)

• • The Era of High-tech and Bio-tech approach

• • The Era of High-tech

Type of Seed

Open Pollinated Seed

• Normal

• Open Field Pollinated Hybrid

• Selected

• Hand Pollination Hybrid

F1 Hybrid Seed

• Normal

• Hand Pollination Hybrid

• Open Field Pollinated Hybrid

• Selected

Breeding Process

Plant breeders improve plants by selecting ____ with key characteristics, crossing them and selecting the very best outcomes from subsequent generations.

It takes up to 10-15 years to develop and test a new plant variety, depending on the species. It can be an expensive process, seed companies spend 10-20% of their revenue each year on research and development.