Unit 3 Retake

Cells in different tissues of a fully developed human show significant variations in the length of time that they remain in the G0 phase of the cell cycle. Which of the following is a reason that might account for the differences among their longevities in the cell cycle?

• Different tissues have varying rates of cell turnover and regeneration needs.

• All cells have the same longevity in the G0 phase.

• The G0 phase is not present in any human cells.

• The G0 phase duration is determined by external environmental factors only.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

A segment of DNA is shown in the diagram. Which of these identifies the part of the DNA segment labeled X?

• This is pointing at a Nucleotide

• This is pointing at a nitrogen base pair

• This is pointing to the hydrogen bond

• This is pointing to the Deoxyribose sugar molecule

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Eight components present in nucleic acids are listed in the box. Which components bond with adenine in a section of double-stranded DNA?

• 1, 3, 5, and 6 only

• 3 and 5 only

• 2 and 4 only

• 3, 4, 7, and 8 only

Which table shows two steps of DNA replication?

• Step 1: DNA Polymerase matches uracil to thymine and cytosine to guanine. Step 2: Two identical DNA double helixes are produced.

• Step 1: DNA Polymerase matches uracil to thymine and adenine to guanine. Step 2: Two separate but complementary single DNA strands are produced.

• Step 1: DNA Polymerase matches adenine to thymine and cytosine to guanine. Step 2: Two identical DNA double helixes are produced.

• Step 1: DNA Polymerase matches cytosine to thymine and uracil to guanine. Step 2: Two separate but complementary single DNA strands are produced.

A cell with originally 10 chromosomes undergoes the cell cycle and mitosis. How many daughter cells are created?

• 2

• 4

• 1

• 3

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Each of those ___ daughter cells will have ___ chromosomes.

• 2, 10

• 1, 10

• 2, 20

• 2, 5

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

The karyotype, or chromosomal profile, for humans is shown. A karyotype can be used to investigate genetic disorders. The chemical colchicine is used in the production of karyotypes. Colchicine prevents spindle fibers from forming during the cell cycle. What is a result of preventing spindle fibers from forming?

• The cell cycle skips G₀ phase and repeats G₁ phase.

• Mitotic division is skipped, and the cell cycle proceeds to cytokinesis.

• Mitotic division stops in metaphase and cannot proceed to anaphase.

• The cell cycle skips S phase and proceeds to G₂ phase.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Cells pass through a G₂ checkpoint before entering mitosis. Ideally, if DNA damage is detected, the cells do not enter mitosis until the damage is repaired. Why is DNA damage repaired before cells enter mitosis?

• So that another round of DNA synthesis does not have to take place

• So that the chromosomes can align at the metaphase plate during mitosis

• So that the cytoplasm can be divided equally between the two daughter cells

• So that healthy daughter cells are produced, allowing the organism to continue growing

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

Use the diagram below to answer the question that follows. What is circled in the photo?

• deoxyribose sugar

• phosphate

• nitrogen base

• nucleotide

Use the diagram below to answer the following question. What is the enzyme that unwinds the DNA prior to replication called?

• DNA ligase

• primase

• helicase

• DNA polymerase