ch 4

Hapsburg Empire

• includes the holy roman empire & Netherlands

• served as Holy Roman emperor and inherited the Spanish and Hapsburg empires.

• expanded Spanish influence/power & strengthened the catholic church 

• ruled with total power 

Absolute monarch

• was a master of Spanish painting who also worked as a sculptor and architect during Spain's Golden Age

• ruled with total power 

• idea that a ruler’s authority came directly from God

• fleet of ships

El Greco

• huguenot prince becomes king unexpectedly in 1589

• french protestants

• a Spanish novelist, playwright, and poet, was the most important figure in Spanish literature. His novel Don Quixote is his most well-known work.

• was a master of Spanish painting who also worked as a sculptor and architect during Spain's Golden Agewas a master of Spanish painting who also worked as a sculptor and architect during Spain's Golden Age

Henry IV

• known as the sun king

• (catholic) chief minister 

• huguenot prince becomes king unexpectedly in 1589

• religious toleration for Huguenots 

Louis XIV

• royal officials who collected taxes, recruited soldiers, & carried out policies (wealthy middle classes)

• finance minister, makes France wealthy 

• huge place of Louis XIV

• known as the sun king

Versailles

• (Stuart) son of mary, queen of scots & king of Scotland 

• huge place of Louis XIV

• (rising) nobles competed to hold the washbasin for the king or hand his diamond-buckled shoes 

• distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong

James I

• (Stuart) son of mary, queen of scots & king of Scotland 

• Protestant whose views and opinions differed from those of the Church of England

• protestant dissenters who sought to purify the English church of catholic influences 

• son of James I

Charles I

• government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch's powers

• roundhead leader 

• son of James I

• series of acts passed in 1689 by the English Parliament that limited the rights of the monarchy and ensured the superiority of Parliament

Limited monarchy

• government in which a constitution or legislative body limits the monarch's powers

• government whose power is defined and limited by law

• a handful of parliamentary advisors who helped set policy for the government - helped the king rule 

• society ruled by a few 

Oligarchy

• soldiers for hire 

• one of seven German princes who would choose the Holy Roman emperor

• society ruled by a few 

• catholic Hapsburg king of bohemia in 1617