6th Unit 7b Social Studies

"Pericles treated the other city-states like subjects, demanding strict loyalty and regular payments from them. He even insisted that they use Athenian coins and measures. In 454 b.c., the Athenians moved the Delian League's treasury from Delos to Athens. They also sent troops to other Greek city-states to help the common people rebel against the nobles in power."

What was the effect of this?

• Athens invaded Persia, causing the second Persian Wars

• Sparta created an alliance and attacked Athens

• Pericles created a League Council and planned to expand further

• Persians seized control of Athens, then Sparta came to the Athenian's defense

Immediately after the Persian War, what happened?

• Persia took control of the Greek city-states

• The Greek city-states were divided and weak

• Athens regained its role as the economic leader of Greece

• Sparta emerged as the new leader and reunited Greece

"The Peloponnesian War marked the end of the Golden Age of Greece, a change in styles of warfare and the fall of Athens, once the strongest city-state in Greece. The balance in power in Greece was shifted when Athens was absorbed into the Spartan Empire. It continued to exist under a series of tyrants and then a democracy. Athens lost its dominance in the region to Sparta until both were conquered less than a century later..."

Which explains an effect of the events mentioned above?

• Sparta adopted a democratic style of government

• Greek city-states took on Persian control

• Athens began to use its navy to conquer other lands

• Greek city-states were conquered by Macedonians

Which of the following best describes the religion of the Greeks?

• Worship of one all powerful god

• The believed the human soul returned to Earth after death

• Polytheistic religion where gods displayed human qualities

• Following a strict code of moral laws that allowed entrance into Heaven

In Greek mythology the gods were seen as great and powerful beings. However, they are given human qualities and sometimes interact with mortals. They help mortals win contests, fall in love, and defeat monsters. Mythology made it seem like humans would be lost without the guidance of the gods.

According to this passage, how does Greek mythology view the relationship between humans and gods?

• Humans and gods fought each other for territory

• Interactions between gods and humans never did not happen

• Humans were dependent on the gods and relied on them

• Interaction between gods and humans turned negative because humans were greedy

Ancient Greeks used myths about their gods to:

• justify their type of government

• show other religions to be false

• explain events in the natural world

• strike fear in their enemies

"Festivals honoring the gods and goddesses were and important part of Greek life. Each city-state scheduled public feasts and sacrifices. Every four years, Greek athletes took part in an athletic competition. These games were for the "greater glory of Zeus"

What was the purpose of the athletic competition?

• to pay tribute to the god Zeus

• to honor the goddess Aphrodite

• to appease the sea god Poseidon and increase trade

• to encourage the god Ares to make people strong in war

One of the greatest accomplishments of Homer was

• he expanded knowledge of mathematics and astronomy

• he developed a philosophy known as Epicureanism

• he wrote the epics: the Iliad and the Odyssey

• he measured the circumference of the earth

The Iliad and The Odyssey were important to Greeks because

• they wanted future civilizations to know about their life and culture

• they looked to them as their ideal past that taught lessons about courage and honor

• they wanted the rest of the world to learn about their great writings and history

• they used them as sacred religious writings and believed they were written by the gods

"Now the Greeks, with help from the goddess Athena, decided to play trick on the Trojans: they built a gigantic wooden horse and pretended it was an offering to the gods. But secretly, Greek warriors were fully-armed inside the hollow wooden horse and at night, ambushed the sleeping Trojans."

What can be can be concluded about Greek culture?

• Greeks incorporated the gods into their battle strategies

• Greeks used force and strength more than strategy in battle

• Greeks formed alliances with other countries to help them in battle

• Greeks relied solely on scientific discoveries to aid them in battle