FoHS 1.03 Medical History: 20th Century to Present

Rohan is visiting a clinic in New York for a medical test. His doctor, Michael, is in California. What technology allows Rohan to receive the test in New York and Dr. Michael to see the results in California?

• Telemedicine

• Nanoscience

• Genomic Medicine

• Artificial Intelligence

Answer explanation

Telemedicine is the correct choice because it enables healthcare professionals to evaluate, diagnose, and treat patients remotely using telecommunications technology. In this scenario, Rohan can receive the test in New York, and Dr. Michael can access the results in California through telemedicine, allowing for efficient communication and care despite the distance between them.

What discovery is Crick and Watson credited with after using Rosalind Franklin's disvoceries

• DNA

• viruses

• Staphylococcus

• Streptococcus

Answer explanation

Crick and Watson are credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA, specifically the double helix. They used Rosalind Franklin's X-ray diffraction images and research on DNA to develop their groundbreaking model. Franklin's work was crucial in understanding the molecular structure of DNA, which ultimately led to the understanding of its function in genetics.

Laparoscopic surgeries are surgeries that:

• make small incisions for cameras and hand controlled instruments

• are open surgeries where the doctor use their hands

• are surgeries completed on infants

• leave large scars

Answer explanation

Laparoscopic surgeries involve making small incisions through which cameras and hand-controlled instruments are inserted. This minimally invasive approach allows for better precision, faster recovery, and reduced scarring compared to open surgeries where doctors use their hands and make larger incisions.

A heart-lung machine is used for:

• surgeries that reguire the heart and lungs be bypassed

• reset the rhythm of the heart and lungs

• replace the heart and lungs permanently

• transplant the heart and lungs

Answer explanation

A heart-lung machine is used during surgeries that require the heart and lungs to be bypassed. This device temporarily takes over the functions of the heart and lungs, allowing surgeons to perform procedures on these organs without interrupting blood flow and oxygen supply to the rest of the body. The other options, such as resetting the rhythm, replacing the organs permanently, or transplanting them, are not the primary functions of a heart-lung machine.

Aiden is suffering from kidney failure. What treatment can help him?

• Dialysis machine

• Heart-lung machine

• IV therapy

• Spinal Tap

Answer explanation

Aiden is suffering from kidney failure, and the appropriate treatment for this condition is the use of a dialysis machine. Dialysis machines help filter waste and excess fluids from the blood, which is a function normally performed by healthy kidneys. The other options, such as a heart-lung machine, IV therapy, and spinal tap, are not suitable treatments for kidney failure.

What vaccine is for Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis?

• DTP

• MMR

• IPV

• Hib

Answer explanation

The DTP vaccine is used to protect against Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis. It is a combination vaccine that provides immunity against these three bacterial infections. The other options, MMR, IPV, and Hib, are vaccines for different diseases and do not cover Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis.

What type of medicine believes in conventional evidence-based practices?

• Western medicine

• Eastern medicine

• Turn of the century medicine

• alternative medicine

Answer explanation

Western medicine is the correct choice because it is based on conventional evidence-based practices. This approach relies on scientific research, clinical trials, and peer-reviewed studies to determine the effectiveness of treatments and therapies. Eastern medicine, turn of the century medicine, and alternative medicine may incorporate some evidence-based practices, but they also include traditional, holistic, or unconventional methods that may not be as rigorously tested or scientifically proven.

In the early 20th century, if Luna fell ill, where would the doctor most likely treat her?

• At Luna's home

• At a hospital

• At a clinic

• At a telemedicine center

Answer explanation

In the early 20th century, it was common for doctors to make house calls and treat patients in their homes. Hospitals and clinics were not as widespread, and telemedicine was not yet available. Therefore, if Luna fell ill during this time, the doctor would most likely treat her at her home.

William has a rare genetic disorder and his doctor wants to prescribe personalized medicine or treat him with gene therapy. What medical advancement would allow the doctor to do this?

• Genomic Medicine

• Robotic surgery

• artificial intelligence

• Biosensors

Answer explanation

Genomic medicine is the correct choice because it involves using an individual's genetic information to tailor medical treatments, such as personalized medicine and gene therapy. This approach is particularly useful for treating rare genetic disorders like the one William has. The other options, robotic surgery, artificial intelligence, and biosensors, do not specifically address the use of genetic information for personalized treatment.

Christiaan Barnard is known for:

• first successful heart surgery

• first successful heart transplant

• discovering Penicillin

• separated conjoined twins

Answer explanation

Christiaan Barnard is known for performing the first successful heart transplant. He was a South African cardiac surgeon who made history in 1967 when he transplanted a human heart into the chest of Louis Washkansky, a 53-year-old grocer. Although the other options are significant medical achievements, they are not associated with Barnard.