TOPIC 7 MOTIVATION AND COMMUNICATION

________ is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.

• Leadership

• Management

• Learning

• Motivation

In a marathon race, the ________ dimension of motivation is crucial as it determines how long a runner can maintain effort.

• direction

• persistence

• intensity

• knowledge

The performance appraisal process is an example of which element of motivation?

• intelligence

• experience

• direction

• intensity

Which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs deals with satisfying one's hunger, thirst, and other bodily needs?

• safety

• physiological

• social

• esteem

Which of the following needs in Maslow's hierarchy refers to the drive to become what one is capable of becoming?

• social

• self-actualisation

• physiological

• esteem

According to Douglas McGregor's Theory Y, a manager assumes that employees _____.

• need to be directed

• prefer to be controlled

• learn to accept responsibility

• need to be micromanaged

If Evelyn is a categorized as a Theory X manager, which of the following behaviors is she most likely to exhibit?

• She will empower her subordinates.

• She will trust her employees to use their discretion in most matters.

• She will strictly control all the details of any project she is managing.

• She will delegate authority extensively to junior managers.

Which of the following theories proposes the idea of a dual continuum?

• Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory

• self-determination theory

• two-factor theory

• cognitive evaluation theory

According to the two-factor theory, ________.

• there exists a hierarchy of needs within every human being, and as each need is satisfied, the next one becomes dominant

• most employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it

• employees view work as being as natural as rest or play, and therefore learn to accept, and even seek, responsibility

• the aspects that lead to job satisfaction are separate and distinct from those that lead to job dissatisfaction

Which of the following is a motivational factor, according to Herzberg's two-factor theory?

• quality of supervision

• recognition

• pay

• relationships with others