Protein Synthesis and Mutations

Which of the following nucleotides is NOT present in the mRNA strand after transcription?

• A

• T

• U

• G

What is the product of the process of translation?

• A complementary mRNA strand

• Increased production of ribosomes

• A completed protein

• Replacement of disabled nucleotides

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The following image represents which type of mutation?

• Insertion

• Deletion

• Spontaneous

• Point

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

What exactly is occurring during this process?

• The synthesis of a polypeptide

• The synthesis of a new RNA strand

• The synthesis of a new DNA strand

• The synthesis of a new gene

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following statements best describes why a change in only one DNA nucleotide base of a gene on the DNA strand could result in an incorrect protein being produced by the gene?

• The change prevents mRNA from being made.

• The change causes cells to divide in an uneven way.

• The change creates an additional mRNA strand.

• The change alters the amino acid sequence coded for by the

  gene.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Excessive radiation can be damaging to the cell’s DNA, resulting in a gene on the DNA strand producing the wrong proteins. Which of the following terms best describes the condition of the damaged DNA?

• Mutation

• Replication

• Transcription

• Translation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Sometimes, during replication, nucleotide pairs are added or lost. These errors have serious effects on the protein that is supposed to be created. They can affect the ordering of the codon sequence, causing the creation of a non-functional protein. What type of mutation do these insertions or deletions lead to?

• An addition mutation

• A deletion mutation

• A frameshift mutation

• A point mutation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following stages is the first step of protein synthesis during the process of transcription?

• A polypeptide strand is made

• Codons are read to produce an amino acid

• DNA is turned into an RNA copy

• The DNA helix is unwound by an enzyme

The image below represents which of the following processes?

• Translation

• Transcription

• Insertion

• Deletion

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following statements best summarizes this passage?

• Every gene on the DNA strand is used during all phases of

  development.

• Every DNA strand expresses all genes.

• Specific genes are expressed during certain phases of

  development.

• Genes only regulate the growth and development of the

  organism.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4