Biology Unit 3 review

Glucose is a simple carbohydrate that is made up of six carbon atoms, twelve hydrogen atoms, and six oxygen atoms. One glucose molecule is approximately four times larger than one water molecule but not as large as protein or virus. Glucose molecules enter most body tissues without the use of energy. Which process is most likely used to transport glucose into a muscle cell?

• Endocytosis

• Osmosis

• Facilitated diffusion

• Diffusion

Cells use _______ to take in large molecules or other cells.

• Facilitated diffusion

• Active transport by carrier proteins

• Active transport by endocytosis

• Passive transport by osmosis

• Passive transport by diffusion

What will most likely occur if a cell is placed in an isotonic solution?

• Water will move into the cell from the surrounding solution only

• Water will move into and out of the cell at equal rates

• Water will not move into or out of the cell at all

• Water will move out of the cell into the surrounding solution only

Use the diagram to answer the question. Which of the following best explains what happened?

• Molecules of water moved by active transport from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

• Molecules of red dye moved by active transport from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

• Molecules of water moved by osmosis from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

• Molecules of red dye moved by diffusion from a higher concentration to a lower concentration.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

During diffusion, substances move from an area of _______ concentration to an area of _______ concentration.

• Higher, lower

• Lower, higher

• Equal, equal

• No, no

Exocytosis is the process by which vesicles in the cytoplasm fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents into the cell's external environment. This is the form of transport used by a cell to dispose of large molecules. How does exocytosis help a cell maintain its homeostasis?

• Cells must dispose of wastes in order to maintain their homeostasis.

• In order to maintain their homeostasis, cells must release the exact same chemicals as they take in.

• In order to maintain their homeostasis, cells must release large molecules so that they can replicate themselves.

• Cells must regularly lose part of their membranes in order to maintain their homeostasis.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Osmosis is the diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane in which water moves from a solution containing a low concentration of solute to what kind of solution?

• A solution containing the same amount of solute

• A solution containing a high concentration of water

• A solution containing only the solute

• A solution containing a high concentration of solute

Cells produce waste materials as a result of metabolism. How do cells get rid of the largest waste materials?

• Osmosis

• Exorcism

• Exocytosis

• Endocytosis

Cell membranes help organisms maintain homeostasis by controlling what substances may enter and leave cells. Some substances can cross a cell membrane through passive transport while other substances can only cross a cell membrane through active transport. What is the difference between active and passive transport?

• Active transport is the only form of transport that requires the use of proteins

• Active transport requires the cell to expend (i.e. use) energy while passive transport does not

• Active transport requires the cell to form vesicles, while passive transport is done through osmosis

• Passive transport is the only form of transport that requires the use of proteins

Looking at the diagram, the yellow oval represents a cell with a semi-permeable membrane. The small, black dots represent molecules of water, and the larger, blue dots represent a solute such as sugar or salt. The membrane allows small molecules such as water to pass through, but it does not allow larger molecules such as solute to pass. What will happen to the substances in this diagram to bring the concentrations closer to equilibrium (i.e. equal amounts on each side of membrane)?

• Nothing will change because it is already in equilibrium

• Water will flow out of the cell and into the surrounding environment

• Water will flow into the cell from the surrounding environment

• The solute will flow into the cell from the surrounding environment

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3