Thinking and Intelligence Test Review 2

________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences.

• Beliefs
• Concepts
• Emotions
• Values

________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics.

• Natural
• Artificial
• Ideal
• Prototypical

________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory.

• Cognition
• Personality
• Conceptualization
• Priming

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a(n) ________ concept.

• modular
• natural
• prototypical
• artificial

Knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film Jurassic Park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ________ experience.

• direct
• indirect
• practical
• theoretical

Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes he is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way.

• artificial
• event
• role
• script

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?

• anchoring bias
• functional fixedness
• hindsight bias
• representative bias

What is the confirmation bias?

• believing the event you just experienced was predictable
• focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs
• focusing only on one piece of information when making a decision
• stereotyping someone or something unintentionally

Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________.

• confirmation bias
• functional fixedness
• hindsight bias
• mental set

Carmela believes her assistant, Lian, is incompetent. She notices only what Lian does wrong while ignoring the above average quality of most of her work. This exemplifies ________ bias.

• anchoring
• confirmation
• hindsight
• representational