Earths Resources

Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the information and on your knowledge

of biology.

      A decade after the Exxon Valdez oil tanker spilled millions of gallons of crude [oil] o Prince William Sound in Alaska, most of the fish and wildlife species that were injured have not fully recovered.      

     Only two out of the 28 species, the river otter and the bald eagle, listed as being injured from the 1989 spill are considered to be recovered said a new report, which was released by a coalition of federal and Alaska agencies working to help restore the oil spill region.

     Eight species are considered to have made little or no progress toward recovery since the spill, including killer whales, harbor seals, and common loons [a type of bird].

     Several other species, including sea otters and Pacific herring, have made significant progress toward recovery, but are still not at levels seen before the accident the report said.

     More than 10.8 million gallons of crude oil spilled into the water when the tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground 25 miles south of Valdez on March 24, 1989. The spill killed an estimated 250,000 seabirds, 2,800 sea otters, 300 harbor seals, 250 bald eagles, and up to 22 killer whales.

     Billions of salmon and herring eggs, as well as tidal plants and animals, were also smothered in oil. The oil spilled by the Exxon Valdez tanker is an example of a _________.

• A. nonrenewable resource and is a source of energy

• B. renewable resource and is a source of ATP

• C. nonrenewable resource and synthesizes ATP

• D. renewable resource and is a fossil fuel

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 Which practice would most likely deplete a nonrenewable natural resource?  

• A. harvesting trees on a tree farm

• B. burning coal to generate electricity in a power plant

• C. restricting water usage during a period of water shortage

• D. building a dam and a power plant to use water to generate electricity

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 One likely reason some experimental automobiles have been developed to use electricity rather than gasoline is that  

• A. gasoline is made from petroleum, a nonrenewable resource

• B. Earth has an unlimited supply of fossil fuels

• C. the use of electricity will eliminate the need for all antipollution laws

• D. the use of electricity will increase the manufacture of antipollution devices for cars

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 In order to reduce consumption of nonrenewable resources, humans could  

• A. burn coal to heat houses instead of using oil

• B. heat household water with solar radiation

• C. increase industrialization

• D. use a natural-gas grill to barbecue instead of using charcoal

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One reason why people should be aware of the impact of their actions on the environment is that  

• A. ecosystems are never able to recover once they have been adversely affected

• B. the depletion of finite resources cannot be reversed

• C. there is a decreased need for new technology

• D. there is a decreased need for substances produced by natural processes

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One way that humans could have a positive impact on local environments is to  

• A. generate waste products as a result of technological advances

• B. use resources that are renewable

• C. increase planting large areas of one crop

• D. increase the use of pesticides

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Which human activity would preserve finite resources?  

• A. deforestation

• B. removing carnivores from a forest

• C. recycling aluminum

• D. heating homes with fossil fuels

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Deforestation of areas considered to be rich sources of genetic material could limit future agricultural and medical advances due to  

• A. the improved quality of the atmosphere

• B. the maintenance of dynamic equilibrium

• C. an increase in the rate of evolutionary change

• D. the loss of biodiversity

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Depletion of nonrenewable resources is often a result of  

• A. environmental laws

• B. human population growth

• C. reforestation

• D. recycling

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 New fuels are being produced by converting corn and grasses into compounds containing alcohols that can be broken down for energy in various engines.  

  The purpose of this research is to  

• A. reduce the use of finite resources

• B. increase the rate of air pollution

• C. reduce the rate of homeostasis in organisms

• D. cause a loss of biodiversity in the rain forests

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