Mechanisms of Genetics Review Quiz

Students are given data from an investigation that identified some of the chemical elements present in four different samples. Of the chemical elements listed below, which three would most likely be in a sample of DNA?

• Aluminum

• Phosphorus

• Calcium

• Hydrogen

• Nitrogen

Which part of the DNA model is most directly associated with the coding of genetic information?

Which statement best describes a similarity among trees, cats, and amoebas?

• They are prokaryotic organisms.

• They are classified as members of the same kingdom.

• They have genomes that consist of the same number of genes.

• They contain DNA composed of the same four types of nucleotides.

The initial steps of gene expression are modeled below. Double-stranded DNA first unwinds into two strands. Which process ​ (a)   and product ​ (b)   are represented in Diagram 2?

• transcription
• mRNA
• tRNA
• translation
• protein

Which 3 amino acids will the DNA strand code for after it is transcribed?​ (a)   ​ (b)   ​ (c)  

• Met
• Leu
• Val
• Cys
• Stop
• Phe
• Lys
• Arg
• Glud
• Glu

Match the following genotypes to the correct phenotypes.

• Black

• c^hc

• Chinchilla

• cc

• Himalayan

• Cc^ch

• Black

• Cc

• Albino

• C^chc^h

Which of these is most likely the result of the process being shown in the diagram?

• Offspring will no longer express traits from previous generations.

• Gametes will contain new allele combinations.

• Chromosome replication will cease to avoid errors that result in mutations.

• Chromatids will have less genetic variety.

The diagram represents a type of mutation. Which statement describes the mutation in the diagram?

• A silent mutation results in the insertion of a different amino acid.

• A substitution occurs with the adenine base.

• A deletion of a cytosine base occurs.

• A base is inserted into one strand of the DNA.

When a new mutation occurs in a somatic cell of a sexually reproducing organism, what percentage of the individual's offspring are likely to inherit the mutation?

• 100%

• 75%

• 25%

• 0%

In Holstein cattle the allele for black hair color (B) is dominant over the allele for red hair color (b), and the allele for polled (P), or lacking horns, is dominant over the allele for having horns (p).

​ What is the expected phenotypic ratio for the offspring BbPp x BbPp cross if these alleles sort independently?​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ (a)   ​ (b)   ​ (c)   ​ (d)  

• 9 black/polled
• 3 black/horned
• 3 red/polled
• 4 black/horned
• 12 black/polled
• 0 red/polled