Unit 12- Ecology Test

The diagrams below show four stages of the ecological succession of a coral reef. Which stage most likely represents the result of climate change and oceanic warming?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

What is the primary benefit of using wind power and solar energy directly for energy, rather than coal and natural gas?

• Coal and natural gas are difficult to acquire.

• Coal and natural gas are extremely efficient.

• Wind power and solar energy are far less expensive to use.

• Wind power and solar energy are renewable energy sources.

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

A community lacks adequate space to dispose of its garbage. Community leaders want to build a power plant that will burn garbage to produce steam that can be used to generate electricity. The plant will replace an existing power plant that produces electricity by burning coal. What is a potential environmental problem that community leaders should investigate before approving the plan?

• Will the plant help to conserve coal resources?

• Is garbage a less expensive fuel source than coal?

• Will burning garbage release pollutants into the air?

• Does burning garbage reduce the need for landfill space?

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

Many Burmese pythons that were kept once as pets have been released into the wild in areas near the Everglades National Park in Florida. The released pythons have increased in number because they are able to breed in the wild and have no natural predators. The pythons also have an abundant food supply that includes rodents, birds, fish, and some larger mammals. Additionally, they have been able to outcompete some native species for resources. Which term best describes the Burmese pythons that have been released into natural environments in Florida?

• endangered species

• threatened species

• invasive species

• extinct species

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Use the graphs below to help answer the following question. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the use of fossil fuels and deforestation account for 74% of all greenhouse gases released as a consequence of human activities. Based on this information, what can be inferred by examining the relationship between the data in Graph A and Graph B?

• Natural forces cause global warming from CO2 emissions.

• Deforestation and fossil fuel use contribute to global warming.

• The increase in atmospheric CO2 does not contribute to the increase in global warming.

• Fossil fuel use and the rate of deforestation is constant, but global warming continues to increase.

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

Before an area is developed, the federal government requires an environmental impact statement to be prepared. What is the main purpose of an environmental impact statement?

• to identify the intended use of an area that is being developed

• to identify how a proposed project might affect the environment

• to identify how a project will benefit the people living in an area

• to identify what effect a proposed project will have on the economy

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-3

How does the introduction of an invasive species result in a loss of biodiversity?

• invasive species have more predators

• invasive species displace native species

• invasive species have a low reproductive rate

• invasive species do not adapt well to local habitats

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The venomous lionfish is native to the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean. This fish has recently been introduced into the Atlantic Ocean. Which of the following could describe a consequence of the introduction of this species?

• Native fish species will not be affected by the non-native lionfish.

• Native fish species will increase in population due to a new prey species.

• Native predators will quickly decrease the population of the non-native lionfish.

• Native fish species will show reduced populations due to competition with the lionfish.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The diagram below summarizes part of the carbon cycle in a Florida ecosystem. Which of the following statements about the carbon cycle is accurate?

• The scrub jay receives carbon from plants in the form of glucose.

• An individual carbon atom may move rapidly or slowly from the atmosphere to plants to scrub jays.

• The total amount of carbon in the carbon cycle fluctuates as the scrub jay population seasonally fluctuates.

• As carbon circulates among the scrub jay, other animals, and the atmosphere, it remains in a narrow range of molecules.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

The diagram below shows the exchange of carbon on Earth. Which biological processes are represented at X and Y in the diagram?

• X: decomposition; Y: fermentation

• X: cellular respiration Y: decomposition

• X: photosynthesis; Y: cellular respiration

• X: fermentation; Y: photosynthesis

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NGSS.MS-LS1-6

NGSS.MS-LS2-3