Distinguishing Nonfiction Concepts

Identify the author's purpose in the passage.

Climbing on a climbing rope can be an exhilarating experience but it is important to do so safely. First, wear a harness that is properly fitted and secured. The harness should be snug but not too tight and all buckles and straps should be fastened securely. Before beginning your climb, ensure that the rope is anchored securely to a stable structure or anchor point. Then, attach your climbing rope to your harness using a locking carabiner. Make sure the carabiner is locked and the gate is closed. Check that your climbing rope is free of any knots, tangles, or other obstructions. If there are any issues, untangle the rope before beginning your climb. Take a firm grip on the rope with both hands, one above the other. Your dominant hand should be on top and your non-dominant hand should be below. Slide your hands up the rope one at a time, alternating hands as you climb. Keep your feet close to the rope and push off the wall or ground with your feet to gain momentum. Keep your body close to the rope and avoid leaning back or away from it. This will help you maintain control and prevent falls. As you climb, periodically check your harness, carabiner, and rope to make sure everything is secure and properly positioned. When you reach the top of your climb or want to descend, use a proper belaying technique or follow appropriate rappelling procedures.

Identify the text structure in the passage.

Climbing on a climbing rope can be an exhilarating experience but it is important to do so safely. First, wear a harness that is properly fitted and secured. The harness should be snug but not too tight and all buckles and straps should be fastened securely. Before beginning your climb, ensure that the rope is anchored securely to a stable structure or anchor point. Then, attach your climbing rope to your harness using a locking carabiner. Make sure the carabiner is locked and the gate is closed. Check that your climbing rope is free of any knots, tangles, or other obstructions. If there are any issues, untangle the rope before beginning your climb. Take a firm grip on the rope with both hands, one above the other. Your dominant hand should be on top and your non-dominant hand should be below. Slide your hands up the rope one at a time, alternating hands as you climb. Keep your feet close to the rope and push off the wall or ground with your feet to gain momentum. Keep your body close to the rope and avoid leaning back or away from it. This will help you maintain control and prevent falls. As you climb, periodically check your harness, carabiner, and rope to make sure everything is secure and properly positioned. When you reach the top of your climb or want to descend, use a proper belaying technique or follow appropriate rappelling procedures.

Identify the author's purpose in the passage.

As I begin my ascent up the mountain in the early hours of the morning on May 15, I feel a sense of excitement and anticipation building inside me. My heart is beating faster, and my breath is becoming more labored as I push my body to climb higher and higher. With each step, I feel my muscles working harder, my legs burning with exertion as I scramble over rocks and navigate steep inclines. As I climb, I become more and more focused on the task at hand. I must carefully plan my route, watch my footing, and stay aware of my surroundings to avoid any hazards that may lie ahead. Despite the physical exertion, I find myself becoming more and more energized as I approach the summit. As I near the top, I can feel a sense of pride and accomplishment welling up inside me. I've conquered this mountain, pushing myself to my limits and emerging victorious. Looking out over the sweeping vistas of the surrounding landscape, I feel a deep sense of connection with the natural world. The beauty and majesty of the mountains are overwhelming, filling me with a sense of awe and reverence. As I make my descent at sunset, I feel a sense of peace and contentment settling over me. I've accomplished what I set out to do, and I feel a profound sense of gratitude for the experience. The feeling of climbing a mountain is like no other, a unique and exhilarating experience that will stay with me for a lifetime.

Identify the text structure in the passage.

As I begin my ascent up the mountain in the early hours of the morning on May 15, I feel a sense of excitement and anticipation building inside me. My heart is beating faster, and my breath is becoming more labored as I push my body to climb higher and higher. With each step, I feel my muscles working harder, my legs burning with exertion as I scramble over rocks and navigate steep inclines. As I climb, I become more and more focused on the task at hand. I must carefully plan my route, watch my footing, and stay aware of my surroundings to avoid any hazards that may lie ahead. Despite the physical exertion, I find myself becoming more and more energized as I approach the summit. As I near the top, I can feel a sense of pride and accomplishment welling up inside me. I've conquered this mountain, pushing myself to my limits and emerging victorious. Looking out over the sweeping vistas of the surrounding landscape, I feel a deep sense of connection with the natural world. The beauty and majesty of the mountains are overwhelming, filling me with a sense of awe and reverence. As I make my descent at sunset, I feel a sense of peace and contentment settling over me. I've accomplished what I set out to do, and I feel a profound sense of gratitude for the experience. The feeling of climbing a mountain is like no other, a unique and exhilarating experience that will stay with me for a lifetime.

Identify the author's purpose in the passage.

Introducing trash to an ecosystem can have a wide range of negative impacts, including harming wildlife, polluting water sources, and disrupting the natural balance of the environment. The best way to avoid introducing trash to an ecosystem is to reduce the amount of waste you produce in the first place. Reuse items when possible and recycle materials that can be recycled. When you do produce waste, make sure to dispose of it properly. Use designated trash cans, recycling bins, and hazardous waste collection centers when appropriate. Avoid littering and leaving waste in natural areas. Additionally, share your knowledge and encourage others to take steps to reduce waste and properly dispose of trash. This can help create a culture of environmental stewardship and prevent future trash from being introduced to the ecosystem.

Identify the text structure in the passage.

Introducing trash to an ecosystem can have a wide range of negative impacts, including harming wildlife, polluting water sources, and disrupting the natural balance of the environment. The best way to avoid introducing trash to an ecosystem is to reduce the amount of waste you produce in the first place. Reuse items when possible and recycle materials that can be recycled. When you do produce waste, make sure to dispose of it properly. Use designated trash cans, recycling bins, and hazardous waste collection centers when appropriate. Avoid littering and leaving waste in natural areas. Additionally, share your knowledge and encourage others to take steps to reduce waste and properly dispose of trash. This can help create a culture of environmental stewardship and prevent future trash from being introduced to the ecosystem.

Identify the author's purpose in the passage.

Scaling Everest with Sherpa's aid,

In wonder at the height we've made.

My body strains to bear the load,

A weightless heart lifts up my soul.

The Sherpa's steps are deft and sure,

His strength and skill an ancient lore.

A trusted guide to lead the way,

Through icy peaks and windswept bays.

His words a balm to soothe my fears,

And calm my doubts, allay my tears.

With every step I feel more bold,

And climb higher than I ever thought I could.

The summit looms, an icy crown,

A dream come true, it's almost found.

Together, we'll reach the highest peak,

And leave our mark, a memory to keep.

With Sherpa by my side, I'll know,

That every step will lead me home.

And when I reach that lofty height,

I'll thank him for this wondrous flight.

Identify the author's purpose in the passage.

One of the most significant risks associated with climbing Mount Everest is attempting to summit outside of the designated "summit window." The summit window refers to a period of several days when the weather and atmospheric conditions are optimal for climbing to the top of the mountain. Climbing outside of the summit window can be extremely dangerous, as the weather conditions can be unpredictable and harsh. High winds, heavy snowfall, and extreme cold temperatures can make it difficult to climb safely and can increase the risk of frostbite, hypothermia, and other cold-related injuries. In addition, climbing outside of the summit window can result in a shortage of oxygen, which can lead to altitude sickness, cerebral edema, and other life-threatening conditions. Attempting to climb outside of the summit window can also increase the risk of avalanches and other natural hazards. The terrain on Mount Everest is unpredictable and can change rapidly, making it difficult to navigate safely.

Identify the text structure in the passage.

One of the most significant risks associated with climbing Mount Everest is attempting to summit outside of the designated "summit window." The summit window refers to a period of several days when the weather and atmospheric conditions are optimal for climbing to the top of the mountain. Climbing outside of the summit window can be extremely dangerous, as the weather conditions can be unpredictable and harsh. High winds, heavy snowfall, and extreme cold temperatures can make it difficult to climb safely and can increase the risk of frostbite, hypothermia, and other cold-related injuries. In addition, climbing outside of the summit window can result in a shortage of oxygen, which can lead to altitude sickness, cerebral edema, and other life-threatening conditions. Attempting to climb outside of the summit window can also increase the risk of avalanches and other natural hazards. The terrain on Mount Everest is unpredictable and can change rapidly, making it difficult to navigate safely.

Identify the author's purpose in the passage.

The climate on Mount Everest is heavily influenced by its high altitude and location near the equator. At the base of the mountain, the climate is relatively mild, with temperatures ranging from 59-68°F in the summer and 5°F in the winter. However, as climbers ascend the mountain, they encounter drastically colder temperatures and harsher weather conditions. Above 18,000 feet, the temperature drops rapidly, and climbers must deal with freezing temperatures and high winds. At the summit of Mount Everest, the temperature can drop as low as -76°F, and winds can reach speeds of up to 200 mph.