GN301 Exam Questions

What Are Some Polygenic Traits?

• Hair Color

  Eye Color

  Height

  Weight

• Blood Type

• Earlobe Type

• Dimples

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What are Super Twins?

• Twins born in a set of triplets or more

• Twins born from the same placenta

• Twins born at the same time with different dads

• Twins in the same placenta but different amniotic sacs

Heritability

• The proportion of variation in a population trait that can be attributed to inherited genetic factors. Heritability estimates range from 0 to 1 and are often expressed as a percentage.

• How easy a trait can be inherited

• How many people will inherit a trait

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Concordance

• How likely siblings are to share the same traits

• concordance is the probability that a pair of individuals will both have a certain characteristic given that one of the pair has the characteristic

• The rate at which traits are shared within a population

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What is a Threshold Trait?

• Whether or not a person will express a specific gene

• A trait that causes someone to be healthy or unhealthy

• A trait that falls into natural groups that originate not in categorically distinct causes but in whether or not the outcome attains critical values

What is a QTL

• Quantitative Trait Locus, location of specific locus

• Qualitative Test Locale, test for characteristics of genes of a certain population

• Quantifiable Test Locus, How easily found the locus is through testing

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What Are Some Genetic Causes of Intellectual Disabilities?

• Trisomy 21, Fragile X Syndrome, Trisomy 18

• Alcohol and Drug use during pregnancy, high exposure to radiation, viruses

The Average IQ is

What Causes Rett Syndrome

• a mutation in the methyl CpG binding protein 2, or MECP2 gene

• An extra copy of chromosome 21

• Zika Virus

• Alcohol use during pregnancy

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What Causes Fragile X Syndrome

• Fragile X results from a change or mutation in the Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene

• Lacking Childhood Nutrition

• Flu during pregnancy

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