What Causes Rett Syndrome

a mutation in the methyl CpG binding protein 2, or MECP2 gene

What Causes Fragile X Syndrome

Fragile X results from a change or mutation in the Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1 (FMR1) gene

What Causes Williams Syndrome?

A partial deletion of up to 28 genes on Chromosome 7

A partial deletion of up to 26 genes on Chromosome 9

A partial deletion of 23 genes on Chromosome 17

A deletion of the 4th gene on Chromosome 6

What causes Patau Syndrome?

An additional copy of Chromosome 13

An additional copy of Chromosome 12

An additional copy of Chromosome 14

A deleted copy of Chromosome 13

What Causes Galactosemia?

a mutation in the GALE, GALK1, and GALT genes

a mutation in the GALF, GALK0, and GALE genes

a mutation in the GALE, GALT1, and GALK genes

a mutation in the GALE, GALK2, and GALT1 genes

mutations in the gene that helps make an enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH)

mutations in the gene that helps make an enzyme called ammonium thioglycolate (ATE)

mutations in the gene that helps make an enzyme called diphenylamine (DEE)

mutations in the gene that helps make an enzyme called Yperite (YEI)

What Causes Tay Sachs

a mutation in the enzyme hexosaminidase A , which allows the harmful buildup of lipids (fatty materials such as oils and acids) in cells

Mark all that are true about consanguineous unions.

Increases the proportion of homozygous genotypes

Increases the frequency of recessive phenotypes

Decreases the proportion of heterozygous individuals in the population,

Increases the frequency of recessive alleles

Decreases the frequency of recessive phenotypes

Which two types of human DNA are most frequently studied when determining evolutionary relationships?

Y Chromosome for paternal lineage and Mitochondrial Chromosome for maternal lineage

X Chromosome for maternal lineage and Y Chromosome for paternal lineage

Y Chromosome for maternal lineage and Mitchondrial chromosome for paternal lineage

Tissue from one part of a person's body to a different part

Tissue from one person to another person

tissue transplanted between genetically identical twins

tissue transplanted between individuals of different species.

Tissue from one person to another person

Tissue from one part of a person's body to another part

tissue transplanted between individuals of different species.

tissue transplanted between genetically identical twins

tissue from one part of a person's body to another part

tissue from one person to another person

tissue transplanted between individuals of different species

tissue from one part of a person's body to another part

tissue from one person to another person

tissue transplanted between genetically identical twins

What is the purpose of T cells?

a type of white blood cell that work with macrophages, fights one type of virus

Creates antibodies which bind to a virus, which prevents it from entering a normal cell and causing infection

What is the purpose of B cells?

Creates antibodies which bind to a virus, which prevents it from entering a normal cell and causing infection

a type of white blood cell that work with macrophages, fights one type of virus

What malfunctions in individuals with diabetes?

Type 1 individuals have an autoimmune reaction that attacks cells that make insulin.

Type 2 Individuals have a lack of physical activity, poor diet, and are usually overweight or obese

Type 1 Individuals have a lack of physical activity, poor diet, and are usually overweight or obese

Type 2 individuals have an autoimmune reaction that attacks cells that make insulin.

can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extraembryonic, or placental, cells

have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into multiple specialised cell types present in a specific tissue or organ .

are able to self-renew by dividing and developing into the three primary groups of cells that make up a human body

have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into multiple specialised cell types present in a specific tissue or organ .

can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extraembryonic, or placental, cells

are able to self-renew by dividing and developing into the three primary groups of cells that make up a human body

have the capacity to self-renew by dividing and to develop into multiple specialised cell types present in a specific tissue or organ .

can form all the cell types in a body, plus the extraembryonic, or placental, cells

Who won a nobel peace prize in 2012 for stem cell and regeneration biology?

Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka

Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

Maynard Smith and Lancelot Thomas Hogben

What does PCR stand for?

Polymerase Concentration Response

What is the PCR process?

Denaturing – when the double-stranded template DNA is heated to separate it into two single strands.

Annealing – when the temperature is lowered to enable the DNA primers to attach to the template DNA.

Extending – when the temperature is raised and the new strand of DNA is made by the Taq polymerase enzyme.

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats

edits genes by precisely cutting DNA and then letting natural DNA repair processes to take over .

silences genes by removing part of strand

What is a Pleiotropic gene?

A gene that affects multiple traits (i.e. earwax consistency and body odor)

A trait that has more than one gene affecting it

GN301 Exam Questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

What Are Some Polygenic Traits?

Hair Color

Eye Color

Height

Weight

Blood Type

Earlobe Type

Dimples

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NGSS.HS-LS3-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

What are Super Twins?

Twins born in a set of triplets or more

Twins born from the same placenta

Twins born at the same time with different dads

Twins in the same placenta but different amniotic sacs

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

Heritability

The proportion of variation in a population trait that can be attributed to inherited genetic factors. Heritability estimates range from 0 to 1 and are often expressed as a percentage.

How easy a trait can be inherited

How many people will inherit a trait

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

Concordance

How likely siblings are to share the same traits

concordance is the probability that a pair of individuals will both have a certain characteristic given that one of the pair has the characteristic

The rate at which traits are shared within a population

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

What is a Threshold Trait?

Whether or not a person will express a specific gene

A trait that causes someone to be healthy or unhealthy

A trait that falls into natural groups that originate not in categorically distinct causes but in whether or not the outcome attains critical values

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

What is a QTL

Quantitative Trait Locus, location of specific locus

Qualitative Test Locale, test for characteristics of genes of a certain population

Quantifiable Test Locus, How easily found the locus is through testing

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

15 mins • 1 pt

What Are Some Genetic Causes of Intellectual Disabilities?

Trisomy 21, Fragile X Syndrome, Trisomy 18

Alcohol and Drug use during pregnancy, high exposure to radiation, viruses

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GN301 Exam Questions

What Are Some Polygenic Traits?

What are Super Twins?

Heritability

Concordance

What is a Threshold Trait?

What is a QTL

What Are Some Genetic Causes of Intellectual Disabilities?

The Average IQ is

What Causes Rett Syndrome

What Causes Fragile X Syndrome

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