Cells of the Nervous System

This structure of the neuron is where the cellular organelles are found.

• axon terminal

• dendrites

• axon

• cell body

This structure of the neuron receives an impulse and sends it to the cell body..

• axon terminal

• dendrites

• axon

• myelin sheath

This structure of the neuron sends impulses away from the cell body and towards another neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.

• axon terminal

• dendrites

• axon

• cell body

This structure of the neuron acts as an insulating wrapper that acts to speed up the electrical signal down the axon.

• axon terminal

• dendrites

• axon

• myelin sheath

Neurotransmitters are stored within the synaptic vesicles inside this structure at the ends of the axon terminal.

• synaptic end bulb

• oligodendrocytes

• microglia

• astrocyte

This cell maintains the concentration of ions and neurotransmitters in the fluid surrounding neurons through its attachment to nearby blood vessels. 

• synaptic end bulb

• oligodendrocytes

• microglia

• astrocyte

These cells act as a line of defense in the nervous system as they remove pathogens and cellular debris.

• synaptic end bulb

• oligodendrocytes

• microglia

• astrocyte

These cells form myelin sheath on the axons of neurons in the central nervous system.

• synaptic end bulb

• oligodendrocytes

• microglia

• astrocyte

These cells form myelin sheath on the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

• neuroglia

• axon terminal

• Schwann cells

• neuron

These cells form myelin sheath on the axons of neurons in the peripheral nervous system.

• neuroglia

• axon terminal

• Schwann cells

• neuron