EOC Practice Test #3

DNA contains the code for constructing which molecules?

• proteins

• fats

• starches

• sugars

In humans, B is the allele for brown eyes and b is the allele for

blue eyes. Two brothers both have brown eyes, but one of them has

both the B and b alleles while the other only has B alleles. Which

statement is true about the brothers?

• They have the same genotype and phenotype.

• They have different phenotypes and genotypes.

• They have the same phenotype but different genotypes.

• They have the same genotype but different phenotypes.

The distribution of chromosomes in one type of cell division is shown in the diagram below.

Which process is represented in the diagram?

• asexual reproduction

• meiosis

• mitosis

• vegetative propagation

The cows in a rancher's herd of cattle have been selectively bred to

produce milk. Which of the following will cause the next generation

of cows to receive the trait for producing large quantities of milk?

• nutrients in the cows' food

• essential minerals in the cows' water

• electrical impulses in the cows' brains

• information in the cows' chromosomes

A researcher is comparing amino acid sequences for the protein

hemoglobin from several primate species. What does the degree of

similarity in sequences among the primate species indicate about these

species?

• how closely related they are

• how frequently they interbreed

• how rapidly they can evolve in the future

• how efficient their circulatory systems are

The diagram below shows a sea star in various stages of regeneration.

What cellular process is directly responsible for this regeneration?

• meiosis

• mitosis

• transpiration

• respiration

Garden pea plants can have yellow seeds or green seeds. In a pea

plant that is heterozygous for seed color, the allele for yellow seeds

masks the effects of the allele for green seeds.

Which of the following terms best describes the allele for yellow

seeds?

• codominant

• recessive

• dominant

• sex-linked

DNA from four organisms was examined using gel electrophoresis.

The results are shown in the diagram below.

According to the data, which of these pairs of organisms are most closely related?

• 1 and 2

• 2 and 3

• 2 and 4

• 3 and 4

In the laboratory, scientists remove the gene for insulin from human

chromosomes.They insert the gene into the DNA of bacteria. This

causes the bacteria to produce human insulin. The insulin is used to

treat diabetes in humans. Which of these describes this process?

• meiosis

• gene splicing

• fertilization

• DNA

  fingerprinting

The limbs of several organisms are shown in the illustrations below. Scientists sometimes compare the limbs of these organisms to look for evidence of common ancestry.

These limbs provide evidence of common ancestry because they —

• have the same basic structure

• perform the same function

• are the same size

• are parts of mammals