Alexander the Great and Hellenistic Era

The library here attracted scholars from all over the world.

• Athens

• Alexandria

• Antioch

• Asia

What was the result of Alexander the Great’s conquests?

• After hundreds of years, Persia finally conquered Greece and took control of Greek lands.

• Greek language, art, architecture, and literature spread throughout Southwest Asia.

• Alexander ruled Greece and all conquered lands for over 20 years.

• The progress of Greek scholars was halted.

The astronomer Eratosthenes determined that

• Earth is the center of the universe, while the sun rotates around it.

• Earth is round and calculated its circumference to be relatively close to the actual figure.

• Pluto is part of our solar system.

• the moon controlled the cyclic rise and fall of the tides.

According to the philosophy of Stoicism,

• life could only be complete when it was centered on the basic ideal of friendship.

• happiness could only be found when people gained inner peace by living in harmony with the will of God.

• gaining material wealth brings happiness.

• happiness was the goal of life, and the way to achieve it was the pursuit of pleasure, the only true good.

According to the philosophy of Epicurus,

• public service was regarded as noble; selfish pursuits brought about sadness.

• happiness was the goal of life and could be achieved through the pursuit of pleasure.

• enlightenment could only be achieved through long periods of meditation.

• happiness could be found only when people studied poetry.

The conquests of Alexander the Great created the

• Macedonian Age, a period of advancement in art.

• Hellenistic Era, an age that saw the expansion of the Greek language and Greek ideas to the non-Greek world.

• Dark Ages, a time of great sadness for the Greek people.

• Age of Lawlessness, a period of extreme cruelty and anarchy.

The mathematician Euclid wrote the Elements, which was a

• revolutionary exploration of art, including the value of painting.

• treatise on the geometry of spheres and cylinders.

• discussion of specific gravity.

• textbook on plane geometry that has been used up to modern times.

What BEGAN the Peloponnesian Wars?

• Athens attacked Sparta

• Persians gave Spartans gold

• Sparta formed an alliance and attacked Athens

• Disease weakened Athens

What was the outcome of the Peloponnesian Wars?

• Sparta defeated the Persians

• Athens defeated Sparta

• Greek city-states were divided & weak

• Thebes created a Greek empire

Alexander the Great conquered ___

• India & China

• Rome & England

• Egypt & Persian Empire

• North & South America