Cognitive Approaches of Learning

Theories that explain learning in terms of people’s thinking and the processes involved in acquiring, organizing, and using knowledge are described as:

• a. developmental learning theories.
• b. humanistic learning theories.
• c. cognitive learning theories.
• d. neo-behaviorist learning theories.

A theory that describes how information enters our memory system, is organized, and finally stored has historically been described as:

• a. social cognitive theory.
• b. figure-ground theory.
• c. learning and teaching theory.
• d. information processing theory.

Which of the following best describes a model as it’s used with respect to human memory?

• a. A miniature representation of something, such as globe representing the Earth
• b. A representation that allows us to visualize what we can’t observe directly
• c. A mental process that we use as a framework for thinking about human memory
• d. A socially constructed process that we later internalize as individuals

The model of human memory is composed of three major components. They are:

• a. attention stores, memory stores, and retrieval stores.
• b. cognitive processes, attention stores, and metacognition.
• c. memory processes, encoding processes, and metacognitive processes.
• d. memory stores, cognitive processes, and metacognition.

Three of the following statements are characteristics of sensory memory. Which one is not a characteristic of sensory memory?

• a. Its capacity is virtually unlimited.
• b. It holds information in unorganized form.
• c. Information is quickly lost if it isn’t processed.
• d. Information can be retained in it if rehearsed.

Three of the following statements are characteristics of working memory. Which one is not a characteristic of working memory memory?

• a. Limited capacity
• b. Holds information in unorganized form
• c. The conscious component of the memory stores
• d. Contains a visual and verbal processor that work independently

Three of the following statements are characteristics of long-term memory. Which one is not a characteristic of long-term memory?

• a. The conscious component of the memory stores
• b. Permanent information store
• c. Stores information in the form of schemas and images
• d. Virtually unlimited capacity

The memory store that briefly holds incoming stimuli from the environment until they can be processed is called:

• a. sensory memory.
• b. working memory.
• c. semantic memory.
• d. long-term memory.

In the model of human memory, which of the following is not a memory store?

• a. Long-term memory
• b. Sensory memory
• c. Semantic memory
• d. Working memory

According to descriptions of the model of human memory, the information store that holds an exact copy of stimuli for a very brief period of time is referred to as:

• a. sensory memory.
• b. working memory.
• c. short-term memory.
• d. long-term memory.