World History CFE Review Q2

What idea do both the English Bill of Rights and the Enlightenment political philosophy of John Locke support?

• absolute power

• limited government

• aristocratic anarchy

• communist bureaucracy

This cover of one of Voltaire’s published books shows him receiving divine light and inspiration from Isaac Newton as he translated Newton’s work. Which concept influenced the development of the Enlightenment?

• enlightened despots

• the Scientific Revolution

• constitutional government

• the writing of the Declaration of Independence

“Being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions.” ― John Locke, Second Treatise of Government

What document John Locke’s view of natural rights directly influences?

• the Magna Carta

• the Petition of Right

• the United States Sentiments

• the Declaration of Independence

This illustration shows Thomas Paine surrounded by injustices that led to the French Revolution, in 1789. Paine wrote the “Rights of Man” in defense of the French Revolution. Which Enlightenment philosophy contributed to the French Revolution?

• rococo art

• laissez faire

• anarch rights

• social contract

Which of the following was a result of the Latin American revolutions of the nineteenth century that reflected Enlightenment ideals?

• New constitutions ended many social distinctions and abolished slavery

• Peru's first constitution gave the vote to citizens who could read and write in Spanish

• Creoles who had supported independence made up a powerful upper class

• The new governments were often conservative and were led by wealthy Creoles

Which of the following accurately describes one impact of the Enlightenment on the French Revolution?

• French revolutionaries sought to create a society in which the rights of the individual would be more important than that of a government

• The revolution helped revitalize the French economy by adopting an economic system based on the natural laws of supply and demand

• The supporters of the revolution wanted to institute a new constitution in which women would be given a more equal status

• Revolutionaries hoped to establish a new legal system in which an absolute monarchy would govern according to Enlightenment principles

This illustration shows Adam Smith, the author of The Wealth of Nations. Which statement describes the Enlightenment economic philosophy of laissez-faire?

• Unequal distribution of property was caused by the corruption of society

• Only enlightened despots should be allowed to influence a country’s economy

• Businesses should be free to operate with little or no interference from the government

• Privately owned businesses should operate with complete oversight from local governments

What was one way the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment were similar?

• They led to the Protestant Reformation

• They rejected Renaissance secularism

• They encouraged the spread of new ideas

• They strengthened the institution of the Church

The painting shows Charles I of England with a divine hand moving his crown.

Which of the following statements best describes the concept of the divine right of kings?

• Monarchs had the right to establish their own branch of Christianity for their subjects to follow

• Monarchs’ authority to rule came from God which justified their absolute rule over their subjects

• Monarchs were the representatives of God and would lead church sermons for all subjects to attend

• Monarchs had limited power over their subjects since representative governments best- protected people from abuses of power

This painting shows King Louis XIV as Apollo, the Sun King, in his ballet performance in 1653. How did Louis XIV view as the purpose of arts during his reign as king?

• The purpose of art was to glorify the king and promote his absolute rule

• The purpose of art was to challenge the balance of power that the Dutch and English wanted in Europe

• The purpose of art was to record the rebellions against royal power by the merchants, peasants, and urban poor

• The purpose of art was to beautify the kingdom to inspire peasants to work harder in order to increase the taxes collected to benefit the king