Evolution Practice Test

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

• Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.
• Because they come from dominant alleles.
• Because they come from recessive alleles.
• Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

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Which best describes mutations?

• Always helpful
• Always harmful
• Can be helpful or harmful
• Always neutral

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Structures with the same parts have different functions; suggests that organisms share a common ancestry

• vestigial structures
• homologous structures
• adaptive radiation
• fossil

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Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development

• natural selection
• embryology
• speciation
• evolution

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The diagram shows fossils in different rock layers. Which of these statements about the age of these fossils is most likely correct?

• Fossil A and C are the same age
  
• Fossil B is older than fossil C
• Fossils A is older than fossil B
• Fossil D is older than fossil C

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What does Darwin's theory of evolution suggest?

• species change over time
• extinct species are not related to living species
• different species can interbreed
• animals that look alike are most closely related

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What type of structures are these?

• homologous
• vestigial 
• analogous
• fossil

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Whales are aquatic mammals that contain a pelvis (hip) bone. Even though it does not aid in its movement, the function must have been used by a common ancestor of the whale. Thus, the pelvis is referred to as a(n)

• vestigial structure

• analogous structure

• homologous structure

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The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its specific environment 

• diversity.
• evolution
• adaptation
•  fitness

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________ structures are reduced in size or function due to lack of use.

• vestigial

• homologous

• cladistic

• phylogenic

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