ET - P3

An environmental company is deploying sensors in major cities throughout a country to measure air quality. The sensors connect to AWS IoT Core to ingest timeseries data readings. The company stores the data in Amazon DynamoDB.

For business continuity, the company must have the ability to ingest and store data in two AWS Regions.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

• • A. Create an Amazon Route 53 alias failover routing policy with values for AWS IoT Core data endpoints in both Regions Migrate data to Amazon Aurora global tables.

• • B. Create a domain configuration for AWS IoT Core in each Region. Create an Amazon Route 53 latency-based routing policy. Use AWS IoT Core data endpoints in both Regions as values. Migrate the data to Amazon MemoryDB for Redis and configure cross-Region replication.

• • C. Create a domain configuration for AWS IoT Core in each Region. Create an Amazon Route 53 health check that evaluates domain configuration health. Create a failover routing policy with values for the domain name from the AWS IoT Core domain configurations. Update the DynamoDB table to a global table.

• • D. Create an Amazon Route 53 latency-based routing policy. Use AWS IoT Core data endpoints in both Regions as values. Configure DynamoDB streams and cross-Region data replication.

  Reveal Solution

A company’s public API runs as tasks on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The tasks run on AWS Fargate behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and are configured with Service Auto Scaling for the tasks based on CPU utilization. This service has been running well for several months.

Recently, API performance slowed down and made the application unusable. The company discovered that a significant number of SQL injection attacks had occurred against the API and that the API service had scaled to its maximum amount.

A solutions architect needs to implement a solution that prevents SQL injection attacks from reaching the ECS API service. The solution must allow legitimate traffic through and must maximize operational efficiency.

Which solution meets these requirements?

• • A. Create a new AWS WAF web ACL to monitor the HTTP requests and HTTPS requests that are forwarded to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

• • B. Create a new AWS WAF Bot Control implementation. Add a rule in the AWS WAF Bot Control managed rule group to monitor traffic and allow only legitimate traffic to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

• • C. Create a new AWS WAF web ACL. Add a new rule that blocks requests that match the SQL database rule group. Set the web ACL to allow all other traffic that does not match those rules. Attach the web ACL to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

• • D. Create a new AWS WAF web ACL. Create a new empty IP set in AWS WAF. Add a new rule to the web ACL to block requests that originate from IP addresses in the new IP set. Create an AWS Lambda function that scrapes the API logs for IP addresses that send SQL injection attacks, and add those IP addresses to the IP set. Attach the web ACL to the ALB in front of the ECS tasks.

A company is migrating an application to AWS. It wants to use fully managed services as much as possible during the migration. The company needs to store large important documents within the application with the following requirements:

1. The data must be highly durable and available
2. The data must always be encrypted at rest and in transit
3. The encryption key must be managed by the company and rotated periodically

Which of the following solutions should the solutions architect recommend?

• • A. Deploy the storage gateway to AWS in file gateway mode. Use Amazon EBS volume encryption using an AWS KMS key to encrypt the storage gateway volumes.

• • B. Use Amazon S3 with a bucket policy to enforce HTTPS for connections to the bucket and to enforce server-side encryption and AWS KMS for object encryption.

• • C. Use Amazon DynamoDB with SSL to connect to DynamoDB. Use an AWS KMS key to encrypt DynamoDB objects at rest.

• • D. Deploy instances with Amazon EBS volumes attached to store this data. Use EBS volume encryption using an AWS KMS key to encrypt the data.

A company is designing its network configuration in the AWS Cloud. The company uses AWS Organizations to manage a multi-account setup. The company has three OUs. Each OU contains more than 100 AWS accounts. Each account has a single VPC, and all the VPCs in each OU are in the same AWS Region.

The CIDR ranges for all the AWS accounts do not overlap. The company needs to implement a solution in which VPCs in the same OU can communicate with each other but cannot communicate with VPCs in other OUs.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

• • A. Create an AWS CloudFormation stack set that establishes VPC peering between accounts in each OU. Provision the stack set in each OU.

• • B. In each OU, create a dedicated networking account that has a single VPC. Share this VPC with all the other accounts in the OU by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM). Create a VPC peering connection between the networking account and each account in the OU.

• • C. Provision a transit gateway in an account in each OU. Share the transit gateway across the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM). Create transit gateway VPC attachments for each VPC.

• • D. In each OU, create a dedicated networking account that has a single VPC. Establish a VPN connection between the networking account and the other accounts in the OU. Use third-party routing software to route transitive traffic between the VPCs.

  Reveal Solution

A company runs a processing engine in the AWS Cloud. The engine processes environmental data from logistics centers to calculate a sustainability index. The company has millions of devices in logistics centers that are spread across Europe. The devices send information to the processing engine through a RESTful API.

The API experiences unpredictable bursts of traffic. The company must implement a solution to process all data that the devices send to the processing engine. Data loss is unacceptable.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

• • A. Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the RESTful API. Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Create a listener and a target group for the ALB Add the SQS queue as the target. Use a container that runs in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with the Fargate launch type to process messages in the queue.

• • B. Create an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API that implements the RESTful API. Create an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Create an API Gateway service integration with the SQS queue. Create an AWS Lambda function to process messages in the SQS queue.

• • C. Create an Amazon API Gateway REST API that implements the RESTful API. Create a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Create an API Gateway Auto Scaling group proxy integration. Use the EC2 instances to process incoming data.

• • D. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution for the RESTful API. Create a data stream in Amazon Kinesis Data Streams. Set the data stream as the origin for the distribution. Create an AWS Lambda function to consume and process data in the data stream.

A solutions architect is designing a solution to process events. The solution must have the ability to scale in and out based on the number of events that the solution receives. If a processing error occurs, the event must move into a separate queue for review.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

• • A. Send event details to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. Configure an AWS Lambda function as a subscriber to the SNS topic to process the events. Add an on-failure destination to the function. Set an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue as the target.

• • B. Publish events to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. Create an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group. Configure the Auto Scaling group to scale in and out based on the ApproximateAgeOfOldestMessage metric of the queue. Configure the application to write failed messages to a dead-letter queue.

• • C. Write events to an Amazon DynamoDB table. Configure a DynamoDB stream for the table. Configure the stream to invoke an AWS Lambda function. Configure the Lambda function to process the events.

• • D. Publish events to an Amazon EventBndge event bus. Create and run an application on an Amazon EC2 instance with an Auto Scaling group that is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Set the ALB as the event bus target. Configure the event bus to retry events. Write messages to a dead-letter queue if the application cannot process the messages.

A company runs an application on AWS. The company curates data from several different sources. The company uses proprietary algorithms to perform data transformations and aggregations. After the company performs ETL processes, the company stores the results in Amazon Redshift tables. The company sells this data to other companies. The company downloads the data as files from the Amazon Redshift tables and transmits the files to several data customers by using FTP. The number of data customers has grown significantly. Management of the data customers has become difficult.

The company will use AWS Data Exchange to create a data product that the company can use to share data with customers. The company wants to confirm the identities of the customers before the company shares data. The customers also need access to the most recent data when the company publishes the data.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

• • A. Use AWS Data Exchange for APIs to share data with customers. Configure subscription verification. In the AWS account of the company that produces the data, create an Amazon API Gateway Data API service integration with Amazon Redshift. Require the data customers to subscribe to the data product.

• • B. In the AWS account of the company that produces the data, create an AWS Data Exchange datashare by connecting AWS Data Exchange to the Redshift cluster. Configure subscription verification. Require the data customers to subscribe to the data product.

• • C. Download the data from the Amazon Redshift tables to an Amazon S3 bucket periodically. Use AWS Data Exchange for S3 to share data with customers. Configure subscription verification. Require the data customers to subscribe to the data product.

• • D. Publish the Amazon Redshift data to an Open Data on AWS Data Exchange. Require the customers to subscribe to the data product in AWS Data Exchange. In the AWS account of the company that produces the data, attach IAM resource-based policies to the Amazon Redshift tables to allow access only to verified AWS accounts.

  Reveal Solution

A company is building a call center by using Amazon Connect. The company’s operations team is defining a disaster recovery (DR) strategy across AWS Regions. The contact center has dozens of contact flows, hundreds of users, and dozens of claimed phone numbers.

Which solution will provide DR with the LOWEST RTO?

• • A. Create an AWS Lambda function to check the availability of the Amazon Connect instance and to send a notification to the operations team in case of unavailability. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function every 5 minutes. After notification, instruct the operations team to use the AWS Management Console to provision a new Amazon Connect instance in a second Region. Deploy the contact flows, users, and claimed phone numbers by using an AWS CloudFormation template.

• • B. Provision a new Amazon Connect instance with all existing users in a second Region. Create an AWS Lambda function to check the availability of the Amazon Connect instance. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to invoke the Lambda function every 5 minutes. In the event of an issue, configure the Lambda function to deploy an AWS CloudFormation template that provisions contact flows and claimed numbers in the second Region.

• • C. Provision a new Amazon Connect instance with all existing contact flows and claimed phone numbers in a second Region. Create an Amazon Route 53 health check for the URL of the Amazon Connect instance. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for failed health checks. Create an AWS Lambda function to deploy an AWS CloudFormation template that provisions all users. Configure the alarm to invoke the Lambda function.

• • D. Provision a new Amazon Connect instance with all existing users and contact flows in a second Region. Create an Amazon Route 53 health check for the URL of the Amazon Connect instance. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for failed health checks. Create an AWS Lambda function to deploy an AWS CloudFormation template that provisions claimed phone numbers. Configure the alarm to invoke the Lambda function.

A company runs a customer service center that accepts calls and automatically sends all customers a managed, interactive, two-way experience survey by text message. The applications that support the customer service center run on machines that the company hosts in an on-premises data center. The hardware that the company uses is old, and the company is experiencing downtime with the system. The company wants to migrate the system to AWS to improve reliability.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST ongoing operational overhead?

• • A. Use Amazon Connect to replace the old call center hardware. Use Amazon Pinpoint to send text message surveys to customers.

• • B. Use Amazon Connect to replace the old call center hardware. Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to send text message surveys to customers.

• • C. Migrate the call center software to Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. Use the EC2 instances to send text message surveys to customers.

• • D. Use Amazon Pinpoint to replace the old call center hardware and to send text message surveys to customers.

A company has an application that runs as a ReplicaSet of multiple pods in an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster. The EKS cluster has nodes in multiple Availability Zones. The application generates many small files that must be accessible across all running instances of the application. The company needs to back up the files and retain the backups for 1 year.

Which solution will meet these requirements while providing the FASTEST storage performance?

• • A. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system and a mount target for each subnet that contains nodes in the EKS cluster. Configure the ReplicaSet to mount the file system. Direct the application to store files in the file system. Configure AWS Backup to back up and retain copies of the data for 1 year.

• • B. Create an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume. Enable the EBS Multi-Attach feature. Configure the ReplicaSet to mount the EBS volume. Direct the application to store files in the EBS volume. Configure AWS Backup to back up and retain copies of the data for 1 year.

• • C. Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure the ReplicaSet to mount the S3 bucket. Direct the application to store files in the S3 bucket. Configure S3 Versioning to retain copies of the data. Configure an S3 Lifecycle policy to delete objects after 1 year.

• • D. Configure the ReplicaSet to use the storage available on each of the running application pods to store the files locally. Use a third-party tool to back up the EKS cluster for 1 year.

  Reveal Solution   Discussion   11

  Q