GROUP 14 ELEMENTS

Group 14 in the __-block, contains carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb)

• f

• d

• p

• s

All the elements ( carbon, silicon, germanium, tin and lead) have ___ electrons in their valence shell

• two

• three

• four

• five

The valence shell configuration of elements of group 14 is

• ns²np⁴

• np²

• ns²

• ns²np²

Carbon is a non-metal, silicon and germanium are ________ while tin and lead are typical ________.

• semi-metals, metals

• metals, non-metals

• metals, semi-metals

• non-metals, metals

Going down Group 14, the nuclear charge and the screening effect ________.

• increases

• decreases

• remains unchange

• flactuate

The increase in the screening effect cancel out the increase in the nuclear charge. Thus, the effective nuclear charge remains almost constant.

• True

• False

• affecting

• cancel out

When going down the group, each successive atom has one more shell filled with electron compared to the preceeding ones. This will make the attraction between the nucleus and the electron cloud gets progessively ______. As a result, the size of atoms _______.

• weaker, decreases

• stronger, decreases

• weaker, increases

• stronger, increases

Going down the group, valence electrons are held _____ tightly by nucleus resulting in a general _____ in the first ionisation energy.

• less, decrease

• less, increase

• more, decrease

• more, increase

Apart from carbon, _______ also has giant covalent structures.

• Lead

• Tin

• Silicon

The significanly high melting points of carbon, silicon and germanium when compared to tin and lead are the result of the giant covalent stuctures of the latter.

• True

• False