Unit 1 - The Global Tapestry (Vocabulary)

Chang'an

• administered the examinations for state office during the Tang dynasty.

• Capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at that time.

• Title granted to those students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office.

• Most prominent neo-Confucian scholar during the Song dynasty; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life.

Most prominent neo-Confucian scholar during the Song dynasty; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life.

• Jinshi

• Empress Wu

• Wuzong

• Zhu Xi

Title granted to those students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office.

• Wuzong

• Ulama

• Jinshi

• Junks

Ministry of Rites

• administered the examinations for state office during the Tang dynasty.

• A philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements.

• sect of Buddhism where as long as one has faith in Amida Buddha then they will be reborn in the Western Paradise

• Most popular branch of Buddhism in China, with an emphasis on intuition and sudden flashes of insight instead of textual study.

A philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements.

• Buddhism

• Neo-Confucianism

• Sufism

• Hinduism

The Diamond School, originally exclusive to Tibet (in 20th century CE the Chinese occupation of Tibet forced it out of the country), emphasizes the permanence of the Buddha’s teachings as symbolized by the vajra (thunderbolt), a ritual implement used for ceremonies, employs Tantra (techniques to reach enlightenment quickly) and focuses mainly on lay practitioners.

• Theravada

• Mahayana

• Vajrayana

• Nirvana

This branch of Buddhism uses Sanskrit as its main language, and monastic and lay followers work for the liberation of all sentient beings, making compassion and insight (wisdom) its central doctrines.

• Nirvana

• Vajrayana

• Mahayana

• Theravada

This branch of Buddhism is the only remaining school from the Early Buddhist period. Its central texts are in Pali (Pãli Canon), the spoken language of the Buddha; and its exclusively monastic devotees strive to become enlightened for their own liberation.

• Theravada

• Mahayana

• Vajrayana

• Nirvana

The only woman to rule China in her own name, expanded the empire and supported Buddhism during the Tang Dynasty.

• Chén Guī

• Shangguan

• Empress Wu Zhao

• Queen Fáng

Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted women's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household.

• Metatarsal foot surgery

• Pedicure

• Footbinding

• Calcaneal osteotomy