BIM fundamental - past exam

What is BIM?

Answer explanation

A BIM is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. With this it serves as reliable source of information about facility which will be helpful in its life cycle.

What are most important characteristics of a BIM model?

Answer explanation

1. Three-dimensional Geometry

2. Semantic information (walls, doors, slabs etc. which help in quantity take off and simulation).

3. Additional information such as material properties.

What are advantages of BIM Model or BIM?

Answer explanation

·       Reduction of planning errors: increased transparency over 2D design. Increase coordination among disciplines and single source of truth leading to improved data management.

·       Reduction of error in tendering: model-based quantity takes off.

·       Increase of transparency in project execution: because of model based construction progress monitoring.

·       Improved communication with public and people attached to the project.

·       Early conflict and clash detection, proper data storage and management.

·       Better data quality; life cycle building management.

·       Budget reliability; no change order

·       Collaborative design gives higher building functionality.

·       Fast project delivery

·       Virtual simulation and rendering.

·       Prefabrication which reduces accidents on job site.

·       Reduction of error and extra efforts which arise due to manual addition of information in each phase.

·       Easily handover building information to the owner for its use in operational phase.

·       Cost efficiency, increase of productivity in construction, clash detection.

What are drawback of conventional 2D drawing?

Answer explanation

·       line drawings cannot be comprehensively understood by computers.

·       Basing the information flow on drawings alone often lead to errors

·       Design changes are particularly challenging: if they are not continuously tracked and relayed to all related plans, inconsistencies can easily arise and often remain undiscovered until the actual construction.

·       The conventional drawings cannot be used directly for downstream applications such as simulations, analysis, rendering but must be put into manually thus involve additional effort, cost and errors.

·       After project realization, the owner must put an extra effort and cost to insert information from these drawings into facility management for building operation thus accepting extra cost, effort and errors

Advantages of BIM over conventional drawing?

Answer explanation

Ø  Consistency as derived from single drawing, coordination, quantity take off, simulation and rendering.

What are different software used for BIM?

Answer explanation

1. 1. BIM authoring tools: Autodesk revit, Graphisoft archicad, Nemetschek Allplan, TEKLA structures, siemen NX, Dssault Catia etc.

2. 2. Facility management tools: Bentley Facilities, Autodesk Ops, Nemechek Allfa, EcoDomus.

3. 3. Structure analysis: Sofistik, SAP, Revit.

4. 4. BOQ: Nova AVA, ORCA AVA, BIM4U.

5. 5. Construction scheduling: Bexel manager, Autodesk Naviswork.

What is the BIM use cases? Provide a definition of a term. Name 4 different BIM use cases defined by the German ministry of transport.

Answer explanation

BIM use case means that for which purpose the model of the BIM will be used. It depends on requirement of employer.

Some use cases highlighted by German ministry of transport are:

Initial State Modeling, Design analysis, Visualization,

Coordination, Safety design, cost estimation,

BOQ, tendering, detailed design, 4D models,

logistic planning, progress monitoring,

issue management, operation and maintenance.

What is geometry kernel?

Answer explanation

-   A geometric modelling kernel is a software component that provides 3D modelling capabilities in computer-aided design (CAD) software.

• - This is a software component that provides support for elementary data structures and operations for representing and processing geometric information. Two examples of commonly used geometric modelling kernels include ACIS (Spatial 2015) and ParaSolid (Siemens 2015).

What is LOD?

Answer explanation

• - LOD: level of development

• - It defines:

  • 1. geometric detail ( Level of Geometry – LOG)

    • 2. alphanumeric information (level of Information – LOI).

    • - An LOD defines the extent of information provided but also gives an indication of its maturity and reliability.

    • - The US-American Biform has defined six standardized LODs (100, 200, 300, 350, 400, 500).

What is Little BIM?

Answer explanation

• - BIM is an insular solution within single discipline

• - Little BIM descrile the application of BIM by individual stakehlder for specific design task

• - when the model is created, the drawings are derived and then fed into conventional system

• - building model is only used for single stakeholder and not ued by other software packages and not handed over to the other stake holders

• - For Little BIM, external communications is needed using drawings so BIM potential is not considered.