Properties of Alkanes

1. Which of the following statements accurately describes the structure of alkanes?

• A. They contain functional groups like alcohols or carboxylic acids.

• B. Alkanes contain both single and double covalent bonds.

• C. Alkanes consist entirely of single covalent bonds between carbon and hydrogen atoms.

• D. Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons with triple bonds between carbon atoms.

Why are alkanes generally insoluble in water?

• A. They absorb or emit visible light.

• B. They are non-polar molecules.

• C. They have a higher molecular weight.

• D. They have a distinct odor.

Which of the following functional groups are lacking in alkanes?

• A. Double bonds

• B. Alcohols

• C. Carboxylic acids

• D. All of the above

Alkanes are referred to as saturated hydrocarbons because:

• A. They possess functional groups like alcohols or carboxylic acids.

• B. They are fully saturated with hydrogen atoms.

• C. They have double covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

• D. They have a minimum number of carbon atoms in the molecule.

What happens when an alkane undergoes halogenation?

• A. It becomes highly reactive.

• B. Hydrogen atoms are substituted with halogen atoms.

• C. It forms water and carbon dioxide.

• D. It becomes non-polar.

Which chemical property of alkanes makes them valuable as clean fuels?

• A. Non-polarity

• B. Combustibility

• C. Lack of reactivity

• D. Halogenation

Alkanes are highly flammable and readily undergo combustion reactions in the presence of __________.

• A. carbon dioxide

• B. hydrogen

• C. oxygen

• D. helium

Which of the following statements is true regarding the color of alkanes?

• A. Alkanes absorb and emit visible light in the electromagnetic spectrum.

• B. Alkanes have an inherent color due to the presence of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

• C. Alkanes are generally colorless because they consist of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

• D. The color of alkanes varies depending on their molecular weight.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between molecular weight and melting/boiling point?

• A. Increasing molecular weight has no effect on the melting and boiling point.

• B. Increasing molecular weight is inversely proportional to an increase in melting and boiling point.

• C. Increasing molecular weight leads to an increase in melting and boiling point.

• D. Increasing molecular weight results in a random variation in melting and boiling point.

What major factor accounts for the high reactivity of alkanes during combustion?

• A. The presence of oxygen as a reactant.

• B. Their non-polarity.

• C. The presence of functional groups.

• D. The strength of carbon-carbon bonds.