Behavioral Perspective

What is the primary focus of the behavioral perspective in psychology?

• Examining unconscious thoughts and desires

• Exploring cognitive processes and decision-making

• Understanding observable behavior

• Investigating the influence of genetics

Who is considered one of the founders of behaviorism?

• Sigmund Freud

• Carl Rogers

• B.F. Skinner

• Abraham Maslow

In behaviorism, what is the process by which behavior is learned through associations between stimuli and responses?

• Conditioning

• Introspection

• Insight learning

• Cognitive mapping

Which type of conditioning involves learning through the association of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response?

• Operant conditioning

• Classical conditioning

• Observational conditioning

• Social conditioning

What is reinforcement in behaviorism?

• The removal of a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behavior

• Any consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated

• The punishment of a behavior to prevent it from happening again

• • The process of observing and imitating others' behavior

Behaviorism primarily focuses on studying unobservable mental processes such as thoughts and emotions.

• True

• False

Who conducted the famous Little Albert experiment, which demonstrated classical conditioning of fear in a young child?

• B.F. Skinner

• Carl Rogers

• John Watson

• Abraham Maslow

In the Little Albert study, what was the unconditioned stimulus (UCS) that initially caused fear in Little Albert?

• A white rat

• A loud noise

• A stuffed animal

• A flashing light

What is the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?

• Classical conditioning focuses on involuntary responses, while operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors.

• Classical conditioning involves rewards and punishments, while operant conditioning does not.

• Classical conditioning occurs through reinforcement, while operant conditioning occurs through punishment.

• Classical conditioning is used for animals, while operant conditioning is used for humans.

According to behaviorism, what is the primary source of learning and behavior?

• Genetics

• Cognitive processes

• Environment

• Emotions