Biomolecules and Water Formative Assessment

Water has a much higher specific heat than most other covalent compounds. What do you predict might happen if water had a low specific heat instead?

• Flooding would occur and animals would be forced to migrate

• Harmful organisms living in water would reproduce at a rapid rate

• Organisms that are sensitive to changes in temperature would die

• Plants would not have enough water to effectively carry out photosynthesis

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Water is essential for life. Its special properties make water the single most important molecule in plant life. Which of the following properties of water enable it to move from the roots to the leaves of plants?

• Water expands as it freezes

• Water is an excellent solvent.

• Water exhibits cohesive behavior.

• Water is able to moderate temperature.

Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?

• The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together

• The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water's surface and they only skim it with their feet

• The insects' feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water's surface

• The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next

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Maria, after finding no cold sodas in the refrigerator, placed a can of soda in the freezer. She then proceeded to check her social networking site and forgot about the soda. Later that evening her brother went to get some ice and it was brown. Maria’s soda can had split open. What is the best explanation for what happened?

• As the water cooled, it adhered to the can, causing it to split

• When the water froze, the space between hydrogen molecules expanded

• When the water froze, it weakened the molecular bonds in the aluminum can

• As the water cooled, the surface tension of the water decreased and the can collapsed

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Water is often called the "universal solvent" because many substances can be dissolved in water. What property of water allows it to be such a versatile solvent?

• purity

• polarity and cohesion

• high heat capacity

• expansion upon freezing

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Resistance to antibiotics results from variations in the genetic code of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Which type of molecule encodes genetic information in Streptococcus pneumoniae?

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• protein

• nucleic acid

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Which of the following diagrams is an example of a carbohydrate?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

In living organisms, lipids function mainly as:

• Sources of stored energy and transmitters of genetic information

• Sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes

• Transmitters of genetic information and catalysts of chemical reactions

• Catalysts of chemical reactions and components of cellular membranes

Ovalbumin is a protein found in eggs. Which of the following best describes the molecular structure of ovalbumin?

• a group of six carbon atoms joined in a ring.

• a chain of amino acids folded and twisted into a molecule

• a set of three fatty acids attached to a molecule of glycerol

• a sequence of nitrogenous bases attached to a sugar phosphate backbone

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Like complex carbohydrates, proteins are macromolecules that serve many functions and can be chemically broken down and restructured. Both proteins and complex carbohydrates are which of the following?

• nucleotides of DNA

• lipids of large molecules

• sequence of sugars

• polymers of smaller subunits