1.1 Vocabulary & Lesson Comprehension

a ruler of a kingdom or empire; king or queen

• monarch
• Catholic Church
• Merchant
• noble

an organized Christian church led by Pope centered in Rome

• Catholic Church
• merchant
• noble
• intellectual

people who work for a church; In the Catholic Church these include the Pope, bishops, and priests

• clergy
• noble
• intellectual
• merchant

a wealthy landowner

• noble
• intellectual
• merchant
• peasant

a well-educated person

• intellectual
• merchant
• peasant
• Middle Ages

a person who is involved in trade

• merchant
• peasant
• Middle Ages
• feudalism

a person in the lower class of society

• peasant
• Middle Ages
• feudalism
• Renaissance

The time period in Europe between the fall of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance (also called Medieval Era and Dark Ages)

• Middle Ages
• feudalism
• Renaissance
• Protestant Reformation

a decentralized system of power in which land owned by a powerful person is divided up and given to others in exchange for work and a promise to fight for the interests of the land owner

• feudalism
• Renaissance
• Protestant Reformation
• Age of Absolutism

rebirth; following the Middle Ages, a movement that centered on the revival of interest in the classical learning of Greece and Rome and inspired by Classical Achievements of the Greek and Romans

• Renaissance
• Protestant Reformation
• Age of Absolutism
• Scientific Revolution