Unidad 4 - Test Techniques

An employee’s bonus is to be calculated. It cannot be negative, but it can be calculated down to

zero. The bonus is based on the length of employment:

• Less than or equal to 2 years

• More than 2 years but less than 5 years

• 5 to 10 years inclusively

• Longer than 10 years

What is the minimum number of test cases required to cover all valid equivalence partitions for

calculating the bonus?

• 3

• 5

• 2

• 4

Answer explanation

4

A speed control and reporting system has the following characteristics:

• If you drive 50 km/h or less, nothing will happen.

• If you drive faster than 50 km/h, but no more than 55 km/h, you will be warned.

• If you drive faster than 55 km/h but not more than 60 km/h, you will be fined.

• If you drive faster than 60 km/h, your driving license will be suspended.

• The speed in km/h is available to the system as an integer value.

Which would be the most likely set of values (km/h) identified by applying the boundary value

analysis, where only the values on the boundaries of the equivalence classes are selected?

• 0, 49, 50, 54, 59, 60

• 50, 55, 60

• 49, 50, 54, 55, 60, 62

• 50, 51, 55, 56, 60, 61

Answer explanation

50, 51, 55, 56, 60, 61

A company's employees are paid bonuses if they work more than a year in the company and

achieve a target which is individually agreed before.

These facts can be shown in a decision table:

Which of the following test cases represents a situation that can happen in real life, and is missing

in the above decision table?

• Condition1 = YES, Condition2 = NO, Condition3 = YES, Action= NO

• Condition1 = YES, Condition2 = YES, Condition3 = NO, Action= YES

• Condition1 = NO, Condition2 = NO, Condition3 = YES, Action= NO

• Condition1 = NO, Condition2 = YES, Condition3 = NO, Action= NO

Answer explanation

Condición1 = NO, Condición2 = SÍ, Condición3 = NO, Acción = NO

Given the following state model of a battery charger software:

Which of the following sequences of transitions provides the highest level of transition coverage for

the model?

• WAIT → TRICKLE → CHARGE → HIGH → CHARGE → TRICKLE → WAIT → OFF → WAIT

• HIGH → CHARGE → LOW → CHARGE → TRICKLE → WAIT → TRICKLE → WAIT → TRICKLE

• WAIT → TRICKLE → WAIT → OFF → WAIT → TRICKLE → CHARGE → LOW → CHARGE

• OFF → WAIT → OFF → WAIT → TRICKLE → CHARGE → HIGH → CHARGE → LOW

Answer explanation

WAIT → TRICKLE → CHARGE → HIGH → CHARGE → TRICKLE → WAIT → OFF → WAIT -> 8 transiciones

HIGH → CHARGE → LOW → CHARGE → TRICKLE → WAIT → TRICKLE → WAIT → TRICKLE-> 6 transiciones

WAIT → TRICKLE → WAIT → OFF → WAIT → TRICKLE → CHARGE → LOW → CHARGE -> 7 transiciones

OFF → WAIT → OFF → WAIT → TRICKLE → CHARGE → HIGH → CHARGE → LOW -> 7 transiciones

Which of the following statements about the benefits of deriving test cases from use cases are true? (multiple answers)

• Deriving test cases from use cases is helpful for system and acceptance testing

• Deriving test cases from use cases is helpful only for automated testing

• Deriving test cases from use cases is helpful for component testing

• Deriving test cases from use cases is helpful for integration testing

Answer explanation

A: Deriving test cases from use cases is helpful for system and acceptance testing

D: Deriving test cases from use cases is helpful for integration testing

Es una descripción de uso particular del sistema por un actor.

• Ayuda a identificar casos que cubren el sistema de inicio a fin.

• Los actores son generalmente personas (usuarios) pero también pueden ser otros sistemas o sub-sistemas.

• Los casos de uso se definen en términos del autor, de lo que puede y no puede hacer.

Test 1: A,B, C
Test 2: A, B, D, G, H
What statement coverage is achieved?

• 50%

• 75%

• 90%

• 100%

Answer explanation

6/8 = 75%

SC = Nro de ELSE + 1

Fórmula: SC= Nro de sentencias ejecutadas / Nro total de sentencias

Test 1: A,B, C
Test 2: A, B, D, G, H
What decision coverage is achieved?

• 50%

• 62%

• 75%

• 100%

Answer explanation

5/8 = 62%

DC = Nro de IF + 1

Fórmula: DC= Número de decisiones ejecutadas / Número total de decisiones

Which statement about the relationship between statement coverage and decision coverage is

true

• 100% decision coverage also guarantees 100% statement coverage

• 100% statement coverage also guarantees 100% decision coverage

• 50% decision coverage also guarantees 50% statement coverage

• Decision coverage can never reach 100%

Answer explanation

A: 100% decision coverage also guarantees 100% statement coverage

Alcanzando el 100% de cobertura de decisión se garantiza el 100% de cobertura de sentencia (pero no al revés)

Which of the following provides the BEST description of exploratory testing?

• A testing practice in which an in-depth investigation of the background of the test object is

  used to identify potential weaknesses that are examined by test cases

• An approach to testing whereby the testers dynamically design and execute tests based on

  their knowledge, exploration of the test item and the results of previous tests

• An approach to test design in which test activities are planned as uninterrupted sessions of

  test analysis and design, often used in conjunction with checklist-based testing

• Testing based on the tester's experience, knowledge, and intuition

Answer explanation

B: An approach to testing whereby the testers dynamically design and execute tests based on

their knowledge, exploration of the test item and the results of previous tests

Prueba Exploratoria

Son pruebas informales (no predefinidas) en las que los

evaluadores diseñan y ejecutan dinámicamente en función

de su conocimiento, exploración del elemento de prueba y los

resultados de pruebas anteriores.

Which of the following BEST describes the concept behind error guessing?

• Error guessing requires you to imagine you are the user of the test object and guess

  mistakes the user could make interacting with it

• Error guessing involves using your personal experience of development and the mistakes

  you made as a developer

• Error guessing involves using your knowledge and experience of defects found in the past

  and typical mistakes made by developers

• Error guessing requires you to rapidly duplicate the development task to identify the sort of

  mistakes a developer might make

Answer explanation

C: Error guessing involves using your knowledge and experience of defects found in the past

and typical mistakes made by developers

Predicción de Errores

Se utiliza para anticipar la ocurrencia de errores, defectos y

fallas, según el conocimiento del probador, que incluye:

• Cómo ha funcionado la aplicación en el pasado.

• Qué tipo de errores se suelen cometer.

• Fallos que se han producido en otras aplicaciones.