Exam 1

Calculate EK of membrane with KO= 10mm & KI =100mm

Active transport occurs ____ a concentration gradient & requires _____.

• down/carrier proteins

• against/energy

• against/channel protein

• down/energy

Glucose is transportation by the energy from the transport of another molecule, such as sodium, moving down its concentration gradient. This process is known as.

• counter transport

• facilitated diffusion

• secondary active transport

• primary active transport

• symporter

an artificial membrane is created, consisting of a lipid bilayer without protein molecules in the membrane. The lipid composition of the membrane is the same as that of a normal biological membrane. Which of the following substances permeates the membrane most readily.

• carbon dioxide

• glucose

• glycerol

• sodium ions

A cell is equal liberated in an aqueous solution of 300 mosm/l sodium chloride. Which of the following best describes what will happen to the cell volume when the cell is placed in an aqueous solution of 300 mosm/L calcium chloride

• decrease

• increase

• no change

• decrease and then increase

RBCs which have a cyroplasmic salt concentration of 0.9% are placed in a 1.8% salt solution. These cells will _____?

• shrink

• swell

• undergo no change

• swell & burst

cardiac glycosides function by:

• blocking Na/K pump

• reducing Na concentration gradient

• increasing internal sodium ion concentration

• increasing internal CA ion concentration

hupernatremia can be caused by

• excessive sweating

• excess ADH

• DI

• water retention

molecular gradient across the cellular membrane of the cell show that there is

• more Na inside compared to outside

• more k inside than outside

• more cl inside than outside

• more protein outside than inside

valinomycin is an antibiotic that functions as _____

• channel former

• mobile ion carrier

• carrier protein building block

• enzyme