The Enlightenment Ideas

What is another name for the Enlightenment?

• The Age of Reason

• The Scientific Revolution

• The Social Contract

• The Natural Rights

What are the natural rights believed by Enlightenment thinkers?

• Life, Liberty, Property, and Freedom to Find Happiness

• Equality, Justice, Democracy, and Education

• Wealth, Power, Fame, and Success

• Religion, Tradition, Authority, and Obedience

What is the social contract according to Enlightenment thinkers?

• An agreement between citizens and the government to protect rights

• A contract between individuals to form a society

• A contract between nations to maintain peace

• An agreement between rulers to share power

What is republicanism according to Enlightenment thinkers?

• The idea that a country's leader should be chosen by citizens in an election

• The idea that a country's leader should be chosen by heredity

• The idea that a country's leader should be chosen by a council of elders

• The idea that a country's leader should be chosen by a military coup

What did the Enlightenment thinkers believe citizens had the right to do if a government failed?

• Revolt

• Leave the country

• Appeal to a higher authority

• Accept the failure

What is an effect of the Scientific Revolution?

• The Catholic Church continued to gain and consolidate power.

• Society started to lose faith in the power of the Catholic Church.

• Society continued the tradition of divine right.

• Absolute monarchs continued to gain and consolidate power.

Order these governmental systems in order from most rigid to least rigid. ​

• Feudalism
• Absolutism
• Representative Government
• Limited Monarchy

What is the term for absolute monarchs who were influenced by Enlightenment ideas?

• Kind kings & queens

• Enlightenment philosophers

• Merciful monarchs

• Enlightened despots

Organize these options into the right categories

Groups:

(a) Natural laws

,

(b) Divine right

,

(c) Natural rights

,

(d) Social contraxt

• Laws about society that come from reason and observation of the world

• Rights that are God-given and cannot be taken away

• The idea that monarchs or rulers get their power directly from God

• The idea that people agree to exchange some of their rights and freedoms in order to be governed

French Enlightenment thinkers​ ​ (a)  

• Enlightened despots
• Philosophes
• Vassals
• Clergy
• Monarchs
• Founding Fathers