Origin of Life: A Paradigm Shift

What is the main answer to the question of how life could emerge on early Earth?

• The presence of RNA molecules

• The formation of nucleotides

• The combination of RNA and peptides

• The replication of RNA molecules

What are the basic building blocks of nucleic acids?

• A, C, G, and U

• A, T, G, and C

• A, U, G, and C

• A, T, C, and G

What is the theoretical possibility that arises from the combination of single-stranded RNA molecules?

• Formation of double-stranded RNA

• Replication of RNA molecules

• Encoding of genetic information

• Formation of nucleotides

What is one of the issues with the RNA world hypothesis?

• RNA is a very fragile molecule

• RNA cannot form double strands

• RNA cannot encode genetic information

• RNA cannot replicate itself

What did the Carell group discover about non-canonical nucleosides in RNA?

• They are relics of the former RNA world

• They are the key ingredient for linking RNA with proteins

• They are responsible for encoding genetic information

• They are the building blocks of nucleotides

What happens when amino acids or peptides are present in a solution alongside RNA?

• RNA molecules become more fragile

• RNA molecules become more stable

• RNA-peptide structures are formed

• RNA-peptide structures break down

What is the proposed expansion of the RNA world concept?

• RNA and peptides co-existed from the beginning

• RNA was the sole molecule in the early Earth

• RNA evolved from peptides

• Peptides evolved from RNA

What is the most important RNA catalyst responsible for linking amino acids into long peptide chains?

• Ribosome

• RNA polymerase

• DNA helicase

• RNA ligase

What does the RNA-peptide world theory solve?

• The origin of life on Earth

• The replication of RNA molecules

• The formation of nucleotides

• The chicken-and-egg problem

What does the new idea proposed by Carell create?

• A foundation for the origin of life

• A solution to the RNA world hypothesis

• A pathway for the formation of nucleotides

• A challenge for science